Gamelan Gong Kebyar

Unnamed.png
Type of Performance
Music
Photo reference
https://baligatesofheaven.blogspot.com/2020/04/in-balinese-gamelan-gong-kebyar.html
Genre
Musik Tradisional
Place of origin
Singaraja, Bali
Instruments
Gamelan Gong Kebyar
Related Books
    Related Holidays


      You are not allowed to post comments.

      Videos

      Description


      In English

      Gong kebyar is a Balinese gamelan bar with a five-tone pelog that creates a musical expression with a nuance of kebyar. Gong kebyar presents “tabuh-tabuh kekebyaran” in the form of a composition that plays all the gamelan instruments simultaneously in polythmic, dynamic and harmonious accents. Musically, the Gamelan Gong Kebyar according to Sugiartha (2008: 51), is a traditional Balinese orchestra that has a strong temperament (coarse sounding ensamble). The harmonious construction that creates the unity of the Gong Kebyar gamelan is dominated by percussion instruments, plus several wind and string instruments. As a gamelan that serves to present pategak (instrumental) repertoire, accompany various types of dances and is used as a learning medium, Gong Kebyar has been known and became popular so quickly and is able to inspire the enthusiasm of Balinese gamelan lovers who have spread to almost various parts of the world.


      Gong Kebyar which was predicted emerging in 1915 has been known by Bali people, even now every banjar and village in Bali has Gong Kebyar that functions as various need such as performing art for both entertainment and ritual presentation. I Wayan Rai (2008: 7-8) mentions that in Bali there have been recorded no less than 1,600 barung gamelan Gong Kebyar, of course this number is increasing over time. Some of these gamelan belong to the banjar, village, formal institutions, and individuals. This number is added to the large number of Gamelan Gong Kebyar groups scattered in various cities in Indonesia and abroad.


      Abroad, Gong Kebyar was initially known via literature and records. One of the records was produced by Odeon and Beka who has recorded the gending-gending (the songs) Gong Kebyar, such as Kebyar Ding Sempati in Belaluan (Badung). In 1931 Sekaa Gong Kebyar Peliatan was performing in the contect of Colonial Exposition in Paris. The visit was continued in 1952 – 1953 to USA. These two tours were strengthening the existence of gamelan Gong Kebyar in the world.


      Until nowadays, Gong Kebyar always becomes a medium of diplomacy of Indonesian culture. Arts group and gamelan Gong Kebyar are sent and employed in the embassy of other nation, that strengthen the bilateral relation between Indonesia and other countries around the world.


      Gamelan Gong Kebyar has been developing so rapidly and having appreciation until nowadays, because Gong Kebyar is a simple ensemble and has high flexibility. The presentation of Gong Kebyar gives an unlimited space for the players (such as sekaa gong : kids, women, adolescence, mixed adolescence, adult including werdha/old men) to have creativeness, and can give an attractive touch with more alive and dynamic performance.


      The quantity of the instruments in one barungan for the gamelan Gong Kebyar is not all the same. Gong Kebyar with the most complete instrument is called the Gong Kebyar Barungan Jangkep (Barungan Ageng) which consists of 21 types of tools, each of which has its own name and specific function for its barungan, namely:

      1. One tungguh trompong, with 10 pencon 2. One tungguh reyong,with 12 pencon 3. A pair of giying, with 10 keys 4. Two pairs of pemade, with 10 keys 5. Two pairs of kantilan, with10 keys 6. A pair of kenyur, with 7 keys 7. A pair of calung, with 5 keys 8. A pair of jegogan, with 5 keys 9. A pair of kendang cedugan 10. A pair of kendang gupekan 11. A pair of kendang krumpungan 12. One kajar 13. One kempur 14. One bende 15. One kemong 16. One kempli 17. A pair of gong lanang-wadon 18. One pangkon cengceng gecek 19. Eight cakep (pairs) cengceng kopyak 20. Two small suling and eight big suling 21. One rebab

      Musically gamelan Gong Kebyar uses pelog lima nada /pelog with five tones, the same as the pelog system with five tones in other types of gamelan , such as gamelan Gong Gede, Gong Kebyar and Palegongan, with the sequence of tones as follows : nding, ndong, ndeng, ndung, and ndang. In addition, in the Balinese gamelan tuning system there is the term ngumbang-ngisep. Ngumbang-ngisep are two equal tones, intentionally made into a slight different frequency. If these two tones pangumbang and pangisep played together at the same time, they will produce sound wave which is asthetically one of the form of beauty in karawitan Bali.


      In Gong Kebyar, there is also a concept of balance which is oriented towards "dualism" of good and bad or which includes similarities and differences. This concept can be seen in the themes of Balinese art, which mostly depart from this dualism, so that strong norms and ethics emerge and become part of art performances. The concept of a two-dimensional balance can produce symmetrical shapes that are at the same time asymmetrical or a harmonious and disharmonic braid which is commonly known as Rwa Bhineda. In the concept of rwa bhineda, there is also a spirit of togetherness, the existence of interrelation and competition to create interaction and competition. Balance in the second dimension is one of the basic concepts in Balinese music, including the gamelan Gong Kebyar.


      This is reflected in the traditional Gong Kebyar instruments made in pairs; lanang - wadon or male female, this term is used in the naming of the drums and gongs.The tuning system ngumbang – ngisep ; the same tones with different frequency, the lower tone is called ngumbang and a slight higher tone is called ngisep. The elements of tones or sounds combination have been identical in Balinese traditional music, almost all types of Balinese gamelan have playing basics varied terms, such as : kotekan, cecandetan, tetorekan and ubit-ubitan. The playing technique kotekan ; uses sangsih (off-beat), polos (on-beat). These are the symbol of balance elements which are not always parallel, but in a competitive interaction.


      In general, it can be observed that the structure the Gong Kebyar repertoire consists of three main parts , namely: kawitan, pangawak and pangecet. Kawitan is supposed to be the head, pangawak is body, and pangecet is the legs. These parts are portioned out equally, in which the rwa bhineda system is always in it in order to produce harmony in each part or harmony among parts. Conceptually, these two elements become dualism that is always reflected in artistic activities in Bali.

      In Balinese

      Gong kebyar inggih punika silih sinunggil gamelan Bali sane nganggen laras pelog lima nada sane ngametuang gending tetabuhan kekebyaran. Gong kebyar maktayang tetabuhan kekebyaran antuk wangun komposisi sane nabuhang makasami piranti gamelane risajeroning aksentuasi sane poliritmik, dinamis miwah harmonis. Manut Sugiartha 2008: 51 maosang, gong kebyar inggih punika orkestra tradisional bali sane madue ceciren keras. Konstruksi harmonis ngametuang paiketan gamelan kebyar sane akehang medaging piranti perkusi, piranti sane kaupin, miwah piranti sane mekaradan. Pinaka gamelan sane kawigunannyane anggen tabuh pategak instrumental nabuhang tari-tarian taler anggen sarana melajah, gamelan gong kebyar gelis ngelimbak tur nudut kayun para yowanane miwah para jana ring sajebag jagate meled mlajahin gamelan gong kebyar puniki.

      Gong kebyar kakantenan metu sawatara duk warsa 1915, sampun ketah krama baline uning indik gamelan puniki, tur sampun akeh banjar, utawi desa miwah sanggar sane madue gamelan gong kebyar puniki, punika taler makueh anake nganggen gamelan gong kebyar ring makudang-kudang parikrama sakeng presentasi estetik murni ngantos kaanggen ritatkala ngiringan upacara Yadnya. Wayan Rai 2008: 7-8 maosang ring Bali sawatara wenten 1600 siu telung atak barung gong kebyar. Wantah mangkin jumlahnyane nyantos bertambah. Gamelan puniki wenten sane druen banjar, desa, lembaga formal, miwah druen krama niri-niri. Kawentenan punika kantun kawewehin malih sakeng makuehne barungan gamelan gong kebyar ring makudang-kudang kota ring Indonesia taler nyantos ring dura negara.

      Ring dura Negara, gong kebyar kapertama kauningin sakeng literatur miwah rekaman. Silih sinunggil rekaman punika kaasilang olih Odeon lan Beka sane sampun ngerekam gending gong kebyar sekadi Kebyar Ding sempati ring Belaluan Badung, duk warsa 1931 siu sangangatus telung dasa siki sekaa gong kebyar Peliatan ngawentenang balih-balihan ring acara Colonial Exposition ring Paris. Raris kelanturang malih ring warsa 1952 siu sangangatus seket kalih -1953 siu sangangatus seket tiga ring Amerika Serikat. Makalih tour kesenian puniki prasida nincapang malih kawentenan gong kebyar druene.

      Ngantos mangkin gamelan gong kebyar setata dados media diplomasi kebudayaan sakeng Negara Indonesia. Wentenne sekaa gong kebyar sane kautus miwah kagenahang ring kantor kedutaan Negara kaanggen nincapang miwah pasawitran ring paiketan sakeng Indonesia sareng panegara tiosan.

      Sane mangkinGamelan Gong Kebyar prasida gelis ngalimbak miwah polih apresiasi positif, santukan gamelan puniki praktis tur fleksibel. Gamelan gong kebyar ngicenin genah kreatifitas sane pinih jimbar majeng ring pengrawtine. Minakadi sekaa gong alit-alit, bajang-bajang, truna-truna, truna-truni, taler werdha prasida ngamijilang kreasine tur prasida matetabuhan sane atraktif tur metaksu.

      Piranti-piranti gamelan gong kebyar puniki jangkepne makueh metiosan. Yening gong kebyar sane pinih jangkep kawastanin gamelan gong kebyar barungan jangkep utawi barungan ageng sane kawangun antuk 21 selikur soroh pirantine. Soang-soang pirantine punika madue pesengan tur kawigunan sane matiosan, minakadi

      1. Atungguh trompong, medaging 10 pencon 2. Atungguh reong, medaging 12 pencon 3. Ajangkepan Giying soang-soang nganggen 10bilah 4. Kalih jangkep Pemade, soang-soang nganggen 10 bilah 5. Kalih jangkep Kantioan, soang-soang nganggen 10 bilah 6. Ajangkepan Kenyur soang-soang nganggen bilah 7. Ajangkepan Calung, soang-soang nganggen bilah 8. Ajangkepan Jegog, soang-soang nganggen bilah 9. Ajangkepan kendang cedugan 10. Ajangkepan kendang gupekan 11. Ajangkepan kendang krumpungan 12. Kajar asiki 13. Kempli asiki 14. Kempur asiki 15. Bende asiki 16. Kemong asikih 17. Gong lanang-wadon 18. Apangkon cengceng gecek 19. Kutus cakep cengceng kopyak 20. Kalih suling alit, tur akutus suling ageng. 21. Rebab asiki.

      Gamelan gong kebyar nganggen saih pelog nada wastanne. Pateh sakadi saih pelog nada gamelan bali sane tiosan, sakadi gamelan Gong Gede, miwah Gong Palegongan antuk jajaran suarane minakadi Ding, Dong, Deng, Dung, Dang. Tiosan punika ring gamelan bali wenten sane kawastanin Ngumbang-ngisep. Ngumbang-Ngisep inggih punika kakalih suara sane pateh, sakemaon madue frekuensi utawi reng sane metiosan malih akidik. Yening makakalih suara ngumbang-ngisep nika tabuhang janten sampun ngawetuang reng suara sane mabinayan sakewanten kakantenan metu suara sane becik tur lengud kapirengan.

      Ring gong kebyar taler kauningin sane kawastanin keseimbangan inggih punika tatacara idup sane madasar antuk Rwa Bhineda, jele-melah, becik-kaon, pateh-matiosan. Indike puniki sering kacingak ring bantang Kesenian Bali sane ngutamayang rwa bhineda puniki ngantos mijil uger-uger miwah tata titi sane dados papalihan ring balih-balihan keseniane punika. Parindikan keseimbangan utawi papadan puniki ngametuang wangun-wangun sane simetris miwah asimetris, ngametuang suara sane harmonis utawi disharmonis, niki sampun sane kawastanin Rwa Bhineda. Rwa Bhineda puniki sane wenten ring gamelan Gong kebyar, sapunapi suara-suara sane mabinayan kawigunanyane, mabinayan suarane, sakewanten rikalaning nabuhang gamelane punika prasida metu tetabuhan sane becik, lengud, tur ngelangenin.

      Indike puniki prasida kapanggihin ring piranti gong kebyar sane wangunnyane mapasang-pasangan utawi mejangkepan. Lanang-wadon sane kaanggen ring ajangkepan kendang miwah gong. Ngumbang-ngisep, suarane pateh sakewanten frekuensine mabinayan, kaanggen ring suara2 sane mabilah tur mapencon. Ring wewidangan tatacara nabuhin gamelane punika metu raris istilah-istilah sane sering kangge ritatkala ngolah suarane minakadin ngotek, norot, cecandetan, ngoncang, ubit-ubitan. Tatacara ngotek utawi kotekan inggih punika nganggen uger-uger polos sane suarane nganutin kajar, sangsih suarane nenten nganutin kajar. Makasami ngawentenan ceciren-ceciren Rwa Bhinedane sakewantenan metu sane becik.

      Ketahnyane prasida kapanggihin wangun-wangun gending gong kebyar madue pah-pahan wangun minakadi, kawitan, pengawak, miwah pengecet. Kawitan nirgamayang sekadi sirah imanusane, pengawak nirgamayang sekadi awak manusane, pengecet nirgamayang sekadi batis manusane. Makasami pah-pahane punika mawit sakeng rwa bhineda sane nenten prasida kapasahang mangda prasida ngamijilang tetabuhan sane prasida ngelangonin.

      Gong kebyar inggih punika silih sinunggil gamelan Bali sane nganggen laras pelog lima nada sane ngametuang gending tetabuhan kekebyaran. Gong kebyar maktayang tetabuhan kekebyaran antuk wangun komposisi sane nabuhang makasami piranti gamelane risajeroning aksentuasi sane poliritmik, dinamis miwah harmonis. Manut Sugiartha (2008: 51) maosang, gong kebyar inggih punika orkestra tradisional bali sane madue ceciren keras. Konstruksi harmonis ngametuang paiketan gamelan kebyar sane akehang medaging piranti perkusi, piranti sane kaupin, miwah piranti sane mekaradan. Pinaka gamelan sane kawigunannyane anggen tabuh pategak (instrumental), nabuhang tari-tarian taler anggen sarana melajah, gamelan gong kebyar gelis ngelimbak tur nudut kayun para yowanane miwah para jana ring sajebag jagate meled mlajahin gamelan gong kebyar puniki.


      Gong kebyar kakantenan metu sawatara duk warsa 1915, sampun ketah krama baline uning indik gamelan puniki, tur sampun akeh banjar, utawi desa miwah sanggar sane madue gamelan gong kebyar puniki, punika taler makueh anake nganggen gamelan gong kebyar ring makudang-kudang parikrama sakeng presentasi estetik murni ngantos kaanggen ritatkala ngiringan upacara Yadnya. I Wayan Rai (2008: 7-8) maosang ring Bali sawatara wenten 1600 (siu telung atak) barung gong kebyar. Wantah mangkin jumlahnyane nyantos bertambah. Gamelan puniki wenten sane druen banjar, desa, lembaga formal, miwah druen krama niri-niri. Kawentenan punika kantun kawewehin malih sakeng makuehne barungan gamelan gong kebyar ring makudang-kudang kota ring Indonesia taler nyantos ring dura negara.


      Ring dura Negara, gong kebyar kapertama kauningin sakeng literatur miwah rekaman. Silih sinunggil rekaman punika kaasilang olih Odeon lan Beka sane sampun ngerekam gending gong kebyar sekadi Kebyar Ding sempati ring Belaluan Badung, duk warsa 1931 (siu sangangatus telung dasa siki) sekaa gong kebyar Peliatan ngawentenang balih-balihan ring acara Colonial Exposition ring Paris. Raris kelanturang malih ring warsa 1952 (siu sangangatus seket kalih)-1953(siu sangangatus seket tiga) ring Amerika Serikat. Makalih tour kesenian puniki prasida nincapang malih kawentenan gong kebyar druene.


      Ngantos mangkin gamelan gong kebyar setata dados media diplomasi kebudayaan sakeng Negara Indonesia. Wentenne sekaa gong kebyar sane kautus miwah kagenahang ring kantor kedutaan Negara kaanggen nincapang miwah pasawitran ring paiketan sakeng Indonesia sareng panegara tiosan.


      Sane mangkinGamelan Gong Kebyar prasida gelis ngalimbak miwah polih apresiasi positif, santukan gamelan puniki praktis tur fleksibel. Gamelan gong kebyar ngicenin genah kreatifitas sane pinih jimbar majeng ring pengrawtine. Minakadi sekaa gong alit-alit, bajang-bajang, truna-truna, truna-truni, taler werdha prasida ngamijilang kreasine tur prasida matetabuhan sane atraktif tur metaksu.


      Piranti-piranti gamelan gong kebyar puniki jangkepne makueh metiosan. Yening gong kebyar sane pinih jangkep kawastanin gamelan gong kebyar barungan jangkep utawi barungan ageng sane kawangun antuk 21 (selikur) soroh pirantine. Soang-soang pirantine punika madue pesengan tur kawigunan sane matiosan, minakadi :

      1. Atungguh trompong, medaging 10 pencon 2. Atungguh reong, medaging 12 pencon 3. Ajangkepan Giying soang-soang nganggen 10bilah 4. Kalih jangkep Pemade, soang-soang nganggen 10 bilah 5. Kalih jangkep Kantioan, soang-soang nganggen 10 bilah 6. Ajangkepan Kenyur soang-soang nganggen 7 bilah 7. Ajangkepan Calung, soang-soang nganggen 5 bilah 8. Ajangkepan Jegog, soang-soang nganggen 5 bilah 9. Ajangkepan kendang cedugan 10. Ajangkepan kendang gupekan 11. Ajangkepan kendang krumpungan 12. Kajar asiki 13. Kempli asiki 14. Kempur asiki 15. Bende asiki 16. Kemong asikih 17. Gong lanang-wadon 18. Apangkon cengceng gecek 19. Kutus cakep cengceng kopyak 20. Kalih suling alit, tur akutus suling ageng. 21. Rebab asiki.


      Gamelan gong kebyar nganggen saih pelog 5 nada wastanne. Pateh sakadi saih pelog 5 nada gamelan bali sane tiosan, sakadi gamelan Gong Gede, miwah Gong Palegongan antuk jajaran suarane minakadi : Ding, Dong, Deng, Dung, Dang. Tiosan punika ring gamelan bali wenten sane kawastanin Ngumbang-ngisep. Ngumbang-Ngisep inggih punika kakalih suara sane pateh, sakemaon madue frekuensi utawi reng sane metiosan malih akidik. Yening makakalih suara ngumbang-ngisep nika tabuhang janten sampun ngawetuang reng suara sane mabinayan sakewanten kakantenan metu suara sane becik tur lengud kapirengan.


      Ring gong kebyar taler kauningin sane kawastanin “keseimbangan” inggih punika tatacara idup sane madasar antuk Rwa Bhineda, jele-melah, becik-kaon, pateh-matiosan. Indike puniki sering kacingak ring bantang Kesenian Bali sane ngutamayang rwa bhineda puniki ngantos mijil uger-uger miwah tata titi sane dados papalihan ring balih-balihan keseniane punika. Parindikan keseimbangan utawi papadan puniki ngametuang wangun-wangun sane simetris miwah asimetris, ngametuang suara sane harmonis utawi disharmonis, niki sampun sane kawastanin Rwa Bhineda. Rwa Bhineda puniki sane wenten ring gamelan Gong kebyar, sapunapi suara-suara sane mabinayan kawigunanyane, mabinayan suarane, sakewanten rikalaning nabuhang gamelane punika prasida metu tetabuhan sane becik, lengud, tur ngelangenin.


      Indike puniki prasida kapanggihin ring piranti gong kebyar sane wangunnyane mapasang-pasangan utawi mejangkepan. Lanang-wadon sane kaanggen ring ajangkepan kendang miwah gong. Ngumbang-ngisep, suarane pateh sakewanten frekuensine mabinayan, kaanggen ring suara2 sane mabilah tur mapencon. Ring wewidangan tatacara nabuhin gamelane punika metu raris istilah-istilah sane sering kangge ritatkala ngolah suarane minakadin ngotek, norot, cecandetan, ngoncang, ubit-ubitan. Tatacara ngotek utawi kotekan inggih punika nganggen uger-uger polos sane suarane nganutin kajar, sangsih suarane nenten nganutin kajar. Makasami ngawentenan ceciren-ceciren Rwa Bhinedane sakewantenan metu sane becik.


      Ketahnyane prasida kapanggihin wangun-wangun gending gong kebyar madue pah-pahan wangun minakadi, kawitan, pengawak, miwah pengecet. Kawitan nirgamayang sekadi sirah imanusane, pengawak nirgamayang sekadi awak i manusane, pengecet nirgamayang sekadi batis i manusane. Makasami pah-pahane punika mawit sakeng rwa bhineda sane nenten prasida kapasahang mangda prasida ngamijilang tetabuhan sane prasida ngelangonin.

      In Indonesian

      Gong kebyar adalah salah satu barungan gamelan Bali berlaras pelog lima nada yang melahirkan ungkapan musikal benuansa kebyar. Gong kebyar menyajikan “tabuh-tabuh kekebyaran” dengan bentuk komposisi yang memainkan seluruh alat gamelan secara serentak dalam aksentuasi yang poliritmik, dinamis dan harmonis. Secara musikal gamelan Gong Kebyar menurut Sugiartha (2008 : 51), adalah sebuah orkestra tradisional Bali yang memiliki perangai keras (coarse sounding ensamble). Konstruksi harmonis yang melahirkan kesatuan perangkat gamelan Gong Kebyar didominasi oleh alat-alat perkusi, ditambah dengan beberapa alat tiup dan gesek. Sebagai gamelan yang berfungsi menyajikan gending-gending pategak (instrumental), mengiringi berbagai jenis tarian maupun dimanfaatkan sebagai media pembelajaran, Gong Kebyar telah dikenal dan menjadi populer dengan begitu cepat dan mampu menggugah semangat para pencinta gamelan Bali yang menyebar hampir di berbagai belahan dunia.


      Gong Kebyar yang diduga muncul pada tahun 1915, memang sudah umum dikenal oleh masyarakat Bali bahkan kini telah dimiliki hampir oleh setiap banjar dan desa di Bali, yang memfungsikan barungan gamelan ini untuk berbagai kepentingan, dari pentas seni yang bersifat presentasi estetik murni, hingga untuk mengiringi upacara ritual keagamaan. I Wayan Rai (2008:7-8) menyebutkan di Bali telah tercatat tidak kurang dari 1.600 barung gamelan Gong Kebyar tentu jumlah ini kian bertambah. Gamelan ini ada yang milik banjar, desa, lembaga formal, maupun perseorangan. Jumlah tersebut masih ditambah lagi dengan banyaknya barungan gamelan Gong Kebyar yang tersebar diberbagai kota di Indonesia dan manca negara.


      Di luar negeri, Gong Kebyar mula-mula dikenal lewat literatur dan rekaman. Salah satu rekaman itu adalah yang dihasilkan oleh Odeon dan Beka yang telah merekam gending-gending Gong Kebyar, seperti Kebyar Ding Sempati di Belaluan (Badung). Pada tahun 1931 Sekaa Gong Kebyar Peliatan mengadakan pertunjukan dalam rangkan Colonial Exposition di Paris. Lawatan sekaa ini dilanjutkan lagi tahun 1952 – 1953 ke Amerika Serikat. Kedua tour ini sudah tentu semakin menguatkan eksistensi gamelan Gong Kebyar di mata dunia.


      Sampai dewasa ini Gong Kebyar selalu menjadi salah satu media dari diplomasi kebudayaan Indonesia. Adanya group kesenian dan gamelan Gong Kebyar yang dikirim dan ditempatkan di kedutaan negara sahabat mempererat hubungan bilateral antara Indonesia dengan negara-negara di dunia.


      Gamelan Gong Kebyar dapat berkembang dengan cepat serta mendapat apresiasi yang positif sampai dewasa ini, karena Gong Kebyar merupakan sebuah barungan yang praktis dan memiliki fleksibelitas yang tinggi. Penyajian Gong Kebyar memberikan ruang yang tidak terbatas bagi para pemainnya (seperti sekaa gong : anak-anak, wanita, remaja, remaja campuran, dewasa termasuk para werdha) untuk berkreasi, yang dapat memberikan sentuhan atraktif dengan penampilan yang lebih hidup dan dinamis.


      Kelengkapan instrumen dalam satu barungan untuk gamelan Gong Kebyar tidak semuanya sama. Gong Kebyar dengan instrument yang paling lengkap disebut dengan Gong Kebyar Barungan Jangkep (Barungan Ageng) yang terdiri dari 21 jenis alat, masing-masing memiliki nama tersendiri dan fungsi tertentu terhadap barungannya, yaitu:

      1. satu tungguh trompong, memakai 10 pencon 2. satu tungguh reyong, memakai 12 pencon 3. sepasang giying, memakai 10 bilah 4. dua pasang pemade, memakai 10 bilah 5. dua pasang kantil, memakai 10 bilah 6. sepasang kenyur, memakai 7 bilah 7. sepasang calung, memakai 5 bilah 8. sepasang jegogan, memakai 5 bilah 9. satu pasang kendang cedugan 10. satu pasang kendang gupekan 11. satu pasang kendang krumpungan 12. sebuah kajar 13. sebuah kempur 14. sebuah bende 15. sebuah kemong 16. sebuah kempli 17. satu pasang gong lanang-wadon 18. satu pangkon cengceng gecek 19. delapan cakep cengceng kopyak 20. dua buah suling kecil dan delapan buah suling besar 21. sebuah rebab

      Secara musikal gamelan Gong Kebyar menggunakan sistem pelog lima nada, sama dengan sistem pelog lima nada pada jenis gamelan Bali yang lain, seperti gamelan Gong Gede, Gong Kebyar dan Palegongan, dengan urutan nada-nada seperti : nding, ndong, ndeng, ndung, dan ndang. Selain itu di dalam sistem pelarasan gamelan Bali ada istilah ngumbang-ngisep. Ngumbang-ngisep adalah dua buah nada yang sama, secara sengaja dibuat dengan selisih frekuensi yang sedikit berbeda. Kalau kedua nada pangumbang dan pangisep dimainkan secara bersamaan maka akan timbul ombak suara yang secara estetika dalam karawitan Bali merupakan salah satu wujud keindahan.


      Di dalam Gong Kebyar juga dikenal konsep keseimbangan yaitu sikap hidup yang berorientasi pada “dualisme” baik dan buruk atau yang mencakup persamaan dan perbedaan. Konsep ini dapat dilihat dalam tema-tema kesenian Bali yang sebagian besar berangkat dari dualisme tersebut, sehingga muncul norma dan etika yang kuat dan menjadi bagian dari pertunjukan kesenian. Konsep keseimbangan yang berdimensi dua dapat menghasilkan bentuk-bentuk simetris yang sekaligus asimetris atau jalinan yang harmonis sekaligus disharmonis yang lazim disebut dengan Rwa Bhineda. Dalam konsep rwa bhineda terkandung pula semangat kebersamaan, adanya saling keterkaitan dan kompetisi mewujudkan interaksi dan persaingan. Keseimbangan dalam dimensi dua menjadi salah satu konsep dasar dalam musik Bali termasuk gamelan Gong Kebyar.


      Hal ini tercermin dalam instrumen-instrumen Gong Kebyar umumnya dibuat dalam bentuk berpasangan ; lanang – wadon atau laki perempuan, istilah ini dipakai dalam penamaan kendang dan gong. Sistem laras ngumbang – ngisep ; nada yang sama namun dengan frekuensi yang berbeda. Unsur jalinan nada-nada atau suara dengan istilah yang bervariasi, seperti : kotekan, cecandetan, tetorekan dan ubit-ubitan. Teknik bermain kotekan ; menggunakan pukulan sangsih (yang jatuh diantara ketukan) dan pukulan polos (yang jatuh pada ketukan). Semuanya ini mengingatkan adanya unsur-unsur dalam keseimbangan yang tidak selamanya sejajar, tetapi dalam interaksi yang bersifat kompetitif.


      Secara umum dapat diamati, bahwa struktur gending-gending Gong Kebyar terdiri dari tiga bagian pokok, yaitu : kawitan, pangawak dan pangecet. Kawitan diibaratkan sebagai kepala, pangawak diibaratkan sebagai badan, dan pangecet diibaratkan sebagai kaki. Bagian-bagian ini diporsikan secara seimbang, dimana unsur rwa bhineda selalu tertanam didalamnya guna mewujudkan keharmonisan pada masing- masing bagian atau keharmonisan antara bagian yang satu dengan yang lainnya. Secara konseptual, kedua elemen ini menjadi dualisme yang selalu tercermin dalam aktivitas seni di Bali.

      In other local languages

      ⏤

      Audios

      Photos

      Articles

      <ul><li>Property "Description en" (as page type) with input value "Gong kebyar is a Balinese gamelan bar with a five-tone pelog that creates a musical expression with a nuance of kebyar. Gong kebyar presents “tabuh-tabuh kekebyaran” in the form of a composition that plays all the gamelan instruments simultaneously in polythmic, dynamic and harmonious accents. Musically, the Gamelan Gong Kebyar according to Sugiartha (2008: 51), is a traditional Balinese orchestra that has a strong temperament (coarse sounding ensamble). The harmonious construction that creates the unity of the Gong Kebyar gamelan is dominated by percussion instruments, plus several wind and string instruments. As a gamelan that serves to present pategak (instrumental) repertoire, accompany various types of dances and is used as a learning medium, Gong Kebyar has been known and became popular so quickly and is able to inspire the enthusiasm of Balinese gamelan lovers who have spread to almost various parts of the world.Gong Kebyar which was predicted emerging in 1915 has been known by Bali people, even now every banjar and village in Bali has Gong Kebyar that functions as various need such as performing art for both entertainment and ritual presentation. I Wayan Rai (2008: 7-8) mentions that in Bali there have been recorded no less than 1,600 barung gamelan Gong Kebyar, of course this number is increasing over time. Some of these gamelan belong to the banjar, village, formal institutions, and individuals. This number is added to the large number of Gamelan Gong Kebyar groups scattered in various cities in Indonesia and abroad.Abroad, Gong Kebyar was initially known via literature and records. One of the records was produced by Odeon and Beka who has recorded the gending-gending (the songs) Gong Kebyar, such as Kebyar Ding Sempati in Belaluan (Badung). In 1931 Sekaa Gong Kebyar Peliatan was performing in the contect of Colonial Exposition in Paris. The visit was continued in 1952 – 1953 to USA. These two tours were strengthening the existence of gamelan Gong Kebyar in the world. Until nowadays, Gong Kebyar always becomes a medium of diplomacy of Indonesian culture. Arts group and gamelan Gong Kebyar are sent and employed in the embassy of other nation, that strengthen the bilateral relation between Indonesia and other countries around the world. Gamelan Gong Kebyar has been developing so rapidly and having appreciation until nowadays, because Gong Kebyar is a simple ensemble and has high flexibility. The presentation of Gong Kebyar gives an unlimited space for the players (such as sekaa gong : kids, women, adolescence, mixed adolescence, adult including werdha/old men) to have creativeness, and can give an attractive touch with more alive and dynamic performance. The quantity of the instruments in one barungan for the gamelan Gong Kebyar is not all the same. Gong Kebyar with the most complete instrument is called the Gong Kebyar Barungan Jangkep (Barungan Ageng) which consists of 21 types of tools, each of which has its own name and specific function for its barungan, namely:1. One tungguh trompong, with 10 pencon 2. One tungguh reyong,with 12 pencon 3. A pair of giying, with 10 keys4. Two pairs of pemade, with 10 keys 5. Two pairs of kantilan, with10 keys 6. A pair of kenyur, with 7 keys 7. A pair of calung, with 5 keys 8. A pair of jegogan, with 5 keys 9. A pair of kendang cedugan 10. A pair of kendang gupekan 11. A pair of kendang krumpungan 12. One kajar 13. One kempur 14. One bende 15. One kemong 16. One kempli 17. A pair of gong lanang-wadon 18. One pangkon cengceng gecek 19. Eight cakep (pairs) cengceng kopyak20. Two small suling and eight big suling21. One rebab Musically gamelan Gong Kebyar uses pelog lima nada /pelog with five tones, the same as the pelog system with five tones in other types of gamelan , such as gamelan Gong Gede, Gong Kebyar and Palegongan, with the sequence of tones as follows : nding, ndong, ndeng, ndung, and ndang. In addition, in the Balinese gamelan tuning system there is the term ngumbang-ngisep. Ngumbang-ngisep are two equal tones, intentionally made into a slight different frequency. If these two tones pangumbang and pangisep played together at the same time, they will produce sound wave which is asthetically one of the form of beauty in karawitan Bali. In Gong Kebyar, there is also a concept of balance which is oriented towards "dualism" of good and bad or which includes similarities and differences. This concept can be seen in the themes of Balinese art, which mostly depart from this dualism, so that strong norms and ethics emerge and become part of art performances. The concept of a two-dimensional balance can produce symmetrical shapes that are at the same time asymmetrical or a harmonious and disharmonic braid which is commonly known as Rwa Bhineda. In the concept of rwa bhineda, there is also a spirit of togetherness, the existence of interrelation and competition to create interaction and competition. Balance in the second dimension is one of the basic concepts in Balinese music, including the gamelan Gong Kebyar.This is reflected in the traditional Gong Kebyar instruments made in pairs; lanang - wadon or male female, this term is used in the naming of the drums and gongs.The tuning system ngumbang – ngisep ; the same tones with different frequency, the lower tone is called ngumbang and a slight higher tone is called ngisep. The elements of tones or sounds combination have been identical in Balinese traditional music, almost all types of Balinese gamelan have playing basics varied terms, such as : kotekan, cecandetan, tetorekan and ubit-ubitan. The playing technique kotekan ; uses sangsih (off-beat), polos (on-beat). These are the symbol of balance elements which are not always parallel, but in a competitive interaction. In general, it can be observed that the structure the Gong Kebyar repertoire consists of three main parts , namely: kawitan, pangawak and pangecet. Kawitan is supposed to be the head, pangawak is body, and pangecet is the legs. These parts are portioned out equally, in which the rwa bhineda system is always in it in order to produce harmony in each part or harmony among parts. Conceptually, these two elements become dualism that is always reflected in artistic activities in Bali." contains invalid characters or is incomplete and therefore can cause unexpected results during a query or annotation process.</li> <!--br--><li>Property "Description id" (as page type) with input value "Gong kebyar is a Balinese gamelan bar with a five-tone pelog that creates a musical expression with a nuance of kebyar. Gong kebyar presents “tabuh-tabuh kekebyaran” in the form of a composition that plays all the gamelan instruments simultaneously in polythmic, dynamic and harmonious accents. Musically, the Gamelan Gong Kebyar according to Sugiartha (2008: 51), is a traditional Balinese orchestra that has a strong temperament (coarse sounding ensamble). The harmonious construction that creates the unity of the Gong Kebyar gamelan is dominated by percussion instruments, plus several wind and string instruments. As a gamelan that serves to present pategak (instrumental) repertoire, accompany various types of dances and is used as a learning medium, Gong Kebyar has been known and became popular so quickly and is able to inspire the enthusiasm of Balinese gamelan lovers who have spread to almost various parts of the world.Gong Kebyar which was predicted emerging in 1915 has been known by Bali people, even now every banjar and village in Bali has Gong Kebyar that functions as various need such as performing art for both entertainment and ritual presentation. I Wayan Rai (2008: 7-8) mentions that in Bali there have been recorded no less than 1,600 barung gamelan Gong Kebyar, of course this number is increasing over time. Some of these gamelan belong to the banjar, village, formal institutions, and individuals. This number is added to the large number of Gamelan Gong Kebyar groups scattered in various cities in Indonesia and abroad.Abroad, Gong Kebyar was initially known via literature and records. One of the records was produced by Odeon and Beka who has recorded the gending-gending (the songs) Gong Kebyar, such as Kebyar Ding Sempati in Belaluan (Badung). In 1931 Sekaa Gong Kebyar Peliatan was performing in the contect of Colonial Exposition in Paris. The visit was continued in 1952 – 1953 to USA. These two tours were strengthening the existence of gamelan Gong Kebyar in the world. Until nowadays, Gong Kebyar always becomes a medium of diplomacy of Indonesian culture. Arts group and gamelan Gong Kebyar are sent and employed in the embassy of other nation, that strengthen the bilateral relation between Indonesia and other countries around the world. Gamelan Gong Kebyar has been developing so rapidly and having appreciation until nowadays, because Gong Kebyar is a simple ensemble and has high flexibility. The presentation of Gong Kebyar gives an unlimited space for the players (such as sekaa gong : kids, women, adolescence, mixed adolescence, adult including werdha/old men) to have creativeness, and can give an attractive touch with more alive and dynamic performance. The quantity of the instruments in one barungan for the gamelan Gong Kebyar is not all the same. Gong Kebyar with the most complete instrument is called the Gong Kebyar Barungan Jangkep (Barungan Ageng) which consists of 21 types of tools, each of which has its own name and specific function for its barungan, namely:1. One tungguh trompong, with 10 pencon 2. One tungguh reyong,with 12 pencon 3. A pair of giying, with 10 keys4. Two pairs of pemade, with 10 keys 5. Two pairs of kantilan, with10 keys 6. A pair of kenyur, with 7 keys 7. A pair of calung, with 5 keys 8. A pair of jegogan, with 5 keys 9. A pair of kendang cedugan 10. A pair of kendang gupekan 11. A pair of kendang krumpungan 12. One kajar 13. One kempur 14. One bende 15. One kemong 16. One kempli 17. A pair of gong lanang-wadon 18. One pangkon cengceng gecek 19. Eight cakep (pairs) cengceng kopyak20. Two small suling and eight big suling21. One rebab Musically gamelan Gong Kebyar uses pelog lima nada /pelog with five tones, the same as the pelog system with five tones in other types of gamelan , such as gamelan Gong Gede, Gong Kebyar and Palegongan, with the sequence of tones as follows : nding, ndong, ndeng, ndung, and ndang. In addition, in the Balinese gamelan tuning system there is the term ngumbang-ngisep. Ngumbang-ngisep are two equal tones, intentionally made into a slight different frequency. If these two tones pangumbang and pangisep played together at the same time, they will produce sound wave which is asthetically one of the form of beauty in karawitan Bali. In Gong Kebyar, there is also a concept of balance which is oriented towards "dualism" of good and bad or which includes similarities and differences. This concept can be seen in the themes of Balinese art, which mostly depart from this dualism, so that strong norms and ethics emerge and become part of art performances. The concept of a two-dimensional balance can produce symmetrical shapes that are at the same time asymmetrical or a harmonious and disharmonic braid which is commonly known as Rwa Bhineda. In the concept of rwa bhineda, there is also a spirit of togetherness, the existence of interrelation and competition to create interaction and competition. Balance in the second dimension is one of the basic concepts in Balinese music, including the gamelan Gong Kebyar.This is reflected in the traditional Gong Kebyar instruments made in pairs; lanang - wadon or male female, this term is used in the naming of the drums and gongs.The tuning system ngumbang – ngisep ; the same tones with different frequency, the lower tone is called ngumbang and a slight higher tone is called ngisep. The elements of tones or sounds combination have been identical in Balinese traditional music, almost all types of Balinese gamelan have playing basics varied terms, such as : kotekan, cecandetan, tetorekan and ubit-ubitan. The playing technique kotekan ; uses sangsih (off-beat), polos (on-beat). These are the symbol of balance elements which are not always parallel, but in a competitive interaction. In general, it can be observed that the structure the Gong Kebyar repertoire consists of three main parts , namely: kawitan, pangawak and pangecet. Kawitan is supposed to be the head, pangawak is body, and pangecet is the legs. These parts are portioned out equally, in which the rwa bhineda system is always in it in order to produce harmony in each part or harmony among parts. Conceptually, these two elements become dualism that is always reflected in artistic activities in Bali." contains invalid characters or is incomplete and therefore can cause unexpected results during a query or annotation process.</li> <!--br--><li>Property "Description ban" (as page type) with input value "Gong kebyar is a Balinese gamelan bar with a five-tone pelog that creates a musical expression with a nuance of kebyar. Gong kebyar presents “tabuh-tabuh kekebyaran” in the form of a composition that plays all the gamelan instruments simultaneously in polythmic, dynamic and harmonious accents. Musically, the Gamelan Gong Kebyar according to Sugiartha (2008: 51), is a traditional Balinese orchestra that has a strong temperament (coarse sounding ensamble). The harmonious construction that creates the unity of the Gong Kebyar gamelan is dominated by percussion instruments, plus several wind and string instruments. As a gamelan that serves to present pategak (instrumental) repertoire, accompany various types of dances and is used as a learning medium, Gong Kebyar has been known and became popular so quickly and is able to inspire the enthusiasm of Balinese gamelan lovers who have spread to almost various parts of the world.Gong Kebyar which was predicted emerging in 1915 has been known by Bali people, even now every banjar and village in Bali has Gong Kebyar that functions as various need such as performing art for both entertainment and ritual presentation. I Wayan Rai (2008: 7-8) mentions that in Bali there have been recorded no less than 1,600 barung gamelan Gong Kebyar, of course this number is increasing over time. Some of these gamelan belong to the banjar, village, formal institutions, and individuals. This number is added to the large number of Gamelan Gong Kebyar groups scattered in various cities in Indonesia and abroad.Abroad, Gong Kebyar was initially known via literature and records. One of the records was produced by Odeon and Beka who has recorded the gending-gending (the songs) Gong Kebyar, such as Kebyar Ding Sempati in Belaluan (Badung). In 1931 Sekaa Gong Kebyar Peliatan was performing in the contect of Colonial Exposition in Paris. The visit was continued in 1952 – 1953 to USA. These two tours were strengthening the existence of gamelan Gong Kebyar in the world. Until nowadays, Gong Kebyar always becomes a medium of diplomacy of Indonesian culture. Arts group and gamelan Gong Kebyar are sent and employed in the embassy of other nation, that strengthen the bilateral relation between Indonesia and other countries around the world. Gamelan Gong Kebyar has been developing so rapidly and having appreciation until nowadays, because Gong Kebyar is a simple ensemble and has high flexibility. The presentation of Gong Kebyar gives an unlimited space for the players (such as sekaa gong : kids, women, adolescence, mixed adolescence, adult including werdha/old men) to have creativeness, and can give an attractive touch with more alive and dynamic performance. The quantity of the instruments in one barungan for the gamelan Gong Kebyar is not all the same. Gong Kebyar with the most complete instrument is called the Gong Kebyar Barungan Jangkep (Barungan Ageng) which consists of 21 types of tools, each of which has its own name and specific function for its barungan, namely:1. One tungguh trompong, with 10 pencon 2. One tungguh reyong,with 12 pencon 3. A pair of giying, with 10 keys4. Two pairs of pemade, with 10 keys 5. Two pairs of kantilan, with10 keys 6. A pair of kenyur, with 7 keys 7. A pair of calung, with 5 keys 8. A pair of jegogan, with 5 keys 9. A pair of kendang cedugan 10. A pair of kendang gupekan 11. A pair of kendang krumpungan 12. One kajar 13. One kempur 14. One bende 15. One kemong 16. One kempli 17. A pair of gong lanang-wadon 18. One pangkon cengceng gecek 19. Eight cakep (pairs) cengceng kopyak20. Two small suling and eight big suling21. One rebab Musically gamelan Gong Kebyar uses pelog lima nada /pelog with five tones, the same as the pelog system with five tones in other types of gamelan , such as gamelan Gong Gede, Gong Kebyar and Palegongan, with the sequence of tones as follows : nding, ndong, ndeng, ndung, and ndang. In addition, in the Balinese gamelan tuning system there is the term ngumbang-ngisep. Ngumbang-ngisep are two equal tones, intentionally made into a slight different frequency. If these two tones pangumbang and pangisep played together at the same time, they will produce sound wave which is asthetically one of the form of beauty in karawitan Bali. In Gong Kebyar, there is also a concept of balance which is oriented towards "dualism" of good and bad or which includes similarities and differences. This concept can be seen in the themes of Balinese art, which mostly depart from this dualism, so that strong norms and ethics emerge and become part of art performances. The concept of a two-dimensional balance can produce symmetrical shapes that are at the same time asymmetrical or a harmonious and disharmonic braid which is commonly known as Rwa Bhineda. In the concept of rwa bhineda, there is also a spirit of togetherness, the existence of interrelation and competition to create interaction and competition. Balance in the second dimension is one of the basic concepts in Balinese music, including the gamelan Gong Kebyar.This is reflected in the traditional Gong Kebyar instruments made in pairs; lanang - wadon or male female, this term is used in the naming of the drums and gongs.The tuning system ngumbang – ngisep ; the same tones with different frequency, the lower tone is called ngumbang and a slight higher tone is called ngisep. The elements of tones or sounds combination have been identical in Balinese traditional music, almost all types of Balinese gamelan have playing basics varied terms, such as : kotekan, cecandetan, tetorekan and ubit-ubitan. The playing technique kotekan ; uses sangsih (off-beat), polos (on-beat). These are the symbol of balance elements which are not always parallel, but in a competitive interaction. In general, it can be observed that the structure the Gong Kebyar repertoire consists of three main parts , namely: kawitan, pangawak and pangecet. Kawitan is supposed to be the head, pangawak is body, and pangecet is the legs. These parts are portioned out equally, in which the rwa bhineda system is always in it in order to produce harmony in each part or harmony among parts. Conceptually, these two elements become dualism that is always reflected in artistic activities in Bali." contains invalid characters or is incomplete and therefore can cause unexpected results during a query or annotation process.</li></ul>