Kunjarakarna

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Kunjarakarna

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⧼IdentificationMap-Lontar Buddha⧽

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Summary

In English

Kunjarakarna is an old Javanese prose written during the kingdom of Kediri, around the twelfth century. It is not known exactly who wrote this Buddhist text.

There is a yaksha (half god, half demon) named Kunjarakarna. He meditated on Mount Mahameru so that in his next birth he could become a human and have a handsome face. Once, he was allowed to meet Vairocana (Lord Buddha). By Lord Buddha's grace, the yaksha was allowed to see hell and meet Lord Yama.

There he heard the news that his friend Purnawijaya would die in a few days and be tortured in hell. Kunjarakarna asked Lord Buddha to let him tell his friend. Lord Buddha Vairocana then allowed him to inform his friend.

Purnawijaya was then invited to see hell and prepare to die. He then said goodbye to his wife. Because Purnawijaya and Kunjarakarna were diligent in their conversion before dying, Purnawijaya ended up being tortured in hell for ten days only, then brought back to life.

Finally, Purnawijaya and Kunjarakarna meditated on Mount Mahameru and fully engaged in the teachings of Lord Buddha.

In Balinese

Kunjarakarna inggih punika prosa Jawi purwa sane karipta duk masa Kadatuan Kediri, sawetara satawarsa kaping roras. Ten kauningin sira pangripta kakawin sane madaging ajah-ajahan Agama Buddha puniki.

Wenten katuturan satua yaksa soroh atenga dewa, atenga raksasa maparab Kunjarakarna. Ipun matapa ring Gunung Mahameru mangda prasida numitis benjang pungkur dados manusa sane bagus. Sedek rahina anu, ipun kalugra tangkil tur matemu sareng Batara Wairocana Sang Buddha . Antuk pasuecan Sang Buddha, yaksa punika kalugra nyingakin naraka tur matemu sareng Batara Yama.

Irika ipun miragi gatra kocap timpalipun Purnawijaya pacang gelis padem tur kasakitin ring neraka. Kunjarakarna nunas ica ring Sang Buddha mangda ipun kadadosang magatra ring timpalipun. Ida Sang Buddha Wairocana raris nglugrayang ipun ngrauhin timpalipun.

Purnawijaya raris kaajak nyingakin naraka tur sayaga nemu pati. Ipun raris mapamit ring kurenanipun. Riantukan Purnawijaya miwah Kunjarakarna seleg matapa sadurung mati, Purnawijaya laut kasakitin wantah dasa lemeng ring naraka. Raris ipun kaurip malih.

Pamunkasne, Purnawijaya miwah Kunjarakarna ngelar tapa ring Gunung Mahameru tur nelebin pisan daging ajah-ajahan Ida Sang Buddha.

In Indonesian

Kunjarakarna adalah prosa Jawa kuno yang dibuat pada masa kerajaan Kediri, sekitar abad kedua belas. Tidak diketahui pasti siapa penulis kitab bernuansa Buddhisme ini.

Ada seorang yaksa (makhluk setengah dewa, setengah iblis) bernama Kunjarakarna. Dia bertapa di Gunung Mahameru agar di kelahiran selanjutnya dia bisa menjadi manusia dan memiliki wajah yang tampan. Suatu ketika, dia diizinkan menghadap Wairocana (Sang Buddha). Atas karunia Buddha, yaksa itu diizinkan melihat neraka dan bertemu Batara Yama.

Di sana dia mendengar kabar bahwa temannya Purnawijaya akan mati dalam beberapa hari dan disiksa di neraka. Kunjarakarna memohon kepada Buddha agar dia diperbolehkan memberitahu kawannya. Buddha Wairocana kemudian mengizinkan dia mengabari kawannya.

Purnawijaya kemudian diajak melihat neraka dan bersiap untuk mati. Dia kemudian berpamitan dengan istrinya. Karena Purnawijaya dan Kunjarakarna tekun dalam pertobatan mereka sebelum mati, Purnawijaya akhirnya hanya disiksa di neraka selama sepuluh hari, lalu dihidupkan kembali.

Akhirnya, Purnawijaya dan Kunjarakarna bertapa di Gunung Mahameru dan sepenuhnya menekuni ajaran Sang Buddha.

Text Excerpt

Bahasa Kawi/Kuno

tan asuwé ring awan, dhateng ta ya ring bumipatala, hana ta ya srijati dumilah sadakala lonya sêndriya, sêndriya ngaranya, sôlih ing mata tumingal, hana ta babahan kapanggiha denira sang Kuñjarakarna, inĕbnya tambaga, lereganya salaka, tuwin kuñcinya mas, tambak lalénya wesi, ikang hawan sadepa saroh lonya, inurap rinata-rata ginomaya ring tahining lembu kanya, tinaneman ta ya handong bang, kayu puring, kayu masedhang asinang, winoran asep dupa, mrabuk arum ambunika sinawuran kembang ura, pinujan kembang pupungon, ya ta matanyan maruhun-ruhunan ikang watek papa kabèh winalingnya dalan maring swarga ri hidhepnya

In English

So soon they were on the road and arrived in the underworld. Then it is a teak tree that is always burning. The thickness of the trunk is as far as one can see. Then Kuñjarakarna saw that there was a door, the panels were copper, the door was silver, and the lock was gold.

Walls of iron, the road is one fathom wide. There, a spirit was being mixed, leveled and cleaned with virgin female cow feces given red andong plants, croton and trees with fragrant flowers. Blended with the smoke of the incense, it smelled good and spread with scattered flowers. The flowers that were blooming were given as an honor that is why sinners are all deluded. They thought it was a path to heaven.

[translated by Van der Molen, 1983]

In Balinese

Ipun makakalih wenten ring margi tur raris rauh ring patala loka. Wenten punyan jati sane satata ngendih. Ageng bongkolnyane sadoh anake prasida nyingakin. Raris, irika Kunjarakarna nyingakin jelanan. Sibehnyane temaga, jelanane salaka, seregne mas.

Temboknyane wesi, dawan margine adepa. Irika, wenten atma sedek kacampuh tur kakedasang nganggen tain sampi lua. Atmane katanemin punyan andong, puring lan taru sane masekar miik. Macampuh sareng miik dupa, miiknyane ngalub pisan tur wenten taler sekar kasambehang. Wenten sekar nedeng kembang. Nika mawinan akeh anake sane madosa keni daya. Kaden ipun nika margi nuju swargaloka.

kasalin basa olih Van der Molen, 1983

In Indonesian

Maka tak lama mereka berada di jalan dan sampailah mereka di alam bawah. Ada sebuah pohon jati yang senantiasa menyala. Tebal batangnya sejauh mata memandang. Lalu Kuñjarakarna melihat ada pintu. Panelnya dari tembaga, daun dari perak, dan kuncinya dari emas.

Temboknya dari besi, jalannya selebar satu depa dan satu roh dibersihkan, diratakan dan dibersihkan dengan tinja sapi perawan betina. Mereka diberi tanaman andong merah, puring dan pohon-pohon yang sedang berbunga harum. Berbaurlah dengan asap dupa, harum semerbuk dan ditebar dengan bunga sebaran. Bunga-bunga yang sedang berkembang diberikan sebagai kehormatan itulah sebab para orang berdosa berbondong-bondong semua. Mereka berpikir itu surga.

[Diterjemahkan oleh Van der Molen, 1983]

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