Lions, Witches, and Happy Old Men: Some Parallels Between Balinese and Japanese Ritual Masks

Title of article (Indonesian)

Singa, Penyihir, dan Orang Tua yang Bahagia: Beberapa Kesejajaran Antara Topeng Ritual Bali dan Jepang

Title of article (Balinese)

Singa, juru teluh lan wong wreda sane subagia. Makudang adung adungan ngeninin Topeng Yadnya lan Jepang.

Original title language

English

Title (other local language)

Author(s)

Margaret Coldiron Margaret Coldiron

Subjects

balinese
masks
japanese
choreographic

Title of Journal

Asian Theater Journal

Volume and Issue number

22,2

Date of Publication

Page Numbers

227-248

Link to whole article

https://muse.jhu.edu/article/188933

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Abstract

In English

The visual and choreographic parallels between Japanese and Balinese mask traditions are striking, and, though the exact interrelationship between masks of these two cultures cannot be proven with historically verifiable data, juxtaposition of the similar genres is useful for understanding mask dance. The masks discussed are the dog/lions Shishi ( Japan) and Barong (Bali), the witch-like Hannya ( Japan) and Rangda (Bali), and the sacred old men Okina ( Japan) and Sidha Karya (Bali). Possible links include cultural diffusion and patterns of human perception. However, the visual language in which these mask characters are expressed and the mythology that delineates them probably comes from Indian Tantric models.

In Balinese

Adung

EnglishappropriateIndonesianrukun

adungan visual lan

Englishlet'sIndonesianayo

koreografi ngeninin topeng

Englisha dance in which male performers wear masksIndonesiannama tarian

tradisional Jepang

EnglishfragileIndonesiansebentar

lan Bali

EnglishbaliIndonesianbali

gumanti

EnglishindeedIndonesianmemang

dahat

EnglishveryIndonesiansangat

kakatonang, yadiastun

EnglishalthoughIndonesianmeski

pailetan sane

EnglishasIndonesianyang

tepas ngeninin topeng mantuka ring

EnglishatIndonesiandi

maka

EnglishtotalIndonesianhingga (kurun waktu)

kalih

EnglishtwoIndonesiandua

budaya punika

EnglishthatIndonesianitu

tan

EnglishnoIndonesiantidak

prasida

EnglishsuccessfullyIndonesianselesai dengan baik

kacihnayang

EnglishmarkedIndonesianditandai (oleh)

riantuk data sane katureksa saking

EnglishfromIndonesiandari

witnyane. Jajaran makakalih

EnglishbothIndonesiankeduanya

nyane mawiguna mitatasin sasolahan

EnglishperformanceIndonesianpertunjukkan

topeng inucap. Topeng

Englisha dance in which male performers wear masksIndonesiannama tarian

sane katulengin inggih

EnglishyesIndonesianiya

punika Shishi Asu

EnglishdogIndonesiananjing

Singa Jepang lan barong

Englishthe embodiment of mythological beasts as a symbol of truth to fight against destructive forcesIndonesianperwujudan binatang mitologi sebagai lambang kebenaran untuk melawan kekuatan yang merusak

Bali , Hannya Jepang lan Rangda

EnglishbarongIndonesianbarong

Bali sane sumaih ring sang

EnglishriceIndonesian-

juru

Englisha professionalIndonesianjuru

teluh lan wong

Englishpeople fromIndonesianorang

wreda

English-Indonesiantua

suci

EnglishpureIndonesianbersih, suci

Okina Jepang lan Sidha Karya

EnglishworkIndonesiankerja

Bali . Paiketan sane manawi prasida kacarca pinaka

EnglishasIndonesiansebagai

patemon

EnglishmeetingIndonesian-

budaya lan pikayunan

Englishhis command (what god wants)Indonesiankehendak hati

i

Englishname, kind of aIndonesiansang

manusa

Englishceremony, kind ofIndonesianorang

. Nanging

EnglishneverthelessIndonesianakan tetapi

basa

EnglishspiceIndonesianbumbu

visual rikala

EnglishwhenIndonesian-

topeng punika kasolahang lan taksu

EnglishspiritIndonesian-

sane dados

EnglishmayIndonesianboleh

caciren manawi mawit

Englishto come fromIndonesianasal

saking Tantra

EnglishtantraIndonesian-

India.

In Indonesian

Kesejajaran visual dan koreografi antara topeng tradisional Jepang dan Bali sangat mencolok, dan, meskipun keterkaitan yang tepat antara topeng dari kedua budaya ini tidak dapat dibuktikan dengan data yang dapat diverifikasi secara historis, penjajaran genre serupa berguna untuk memahami tari topeng itu sendiri. Topeng yang dibahas adalah Shishi anjing/singa (Jepang) dan Barong (Bali), Hannya (Jepang) dan Rangda (Bali) yang mirip penyihir, dan orang tua suci Okina (Jepang) dan Sidha Karya (Bali). Pertautan yang mungkin dapat digolongkan sebagai difusi budaya dan perpaduan pola persepsi manusia. Namun, bahasa visual di mana karakter topeng ini diekspresikan dan mitologi yang menggambarkannya mungkin berasal dari model Tantra India.