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Ida Bagus Nyoman Tjeta + (Batuaninteractive.com: "Tjeta was the youn … Batuaninteractive.com:"Tjeta was the younger brother of Ida Bagus Teroewi, the headman of Batuan and Mead and Bateson's host. Their father was a renowned dancer who also painted cloth for dancers' costumes and funeral shrouds. Tjeta assisted him and also himself danced in the gambuh.Tjeta was about twenty-two years old when he began to study painting with Togog, and was among the first Batuan painters who learned to use colored paint and pastel. He produced twenty-nine pictures in the collection."d twenty-nine pictures in the collection.")

Ida Bagus Ketut Diding + (1911/1914 - 1990. Batuaninteractive.com: " … 1911/1914 - 1990.Batuaninteractive.com:"About twenty-two years old at the time of making the pictures in the collection, Diding probably had been painting since 1935. His teacher was Ngendon, and he in turn taught Bala. He met Spies and Bonnet, watched them work, and brought them work for theirciriticism. He was a member of the group they founded, Pita Maha. One of the Western artists suggested that he make a picture like Djatasoera's of the ende ritual in Karangasem.Diding had not been to school but could speak a little Malay. He played in a gamelan orchestra and danced in the gambuh, and wasthe only artist interviewed who said that he had been possessed and gone into trance. His father was dead, and he had no land to work.He and his wife supported themselves by painting, raising chickens, and dyeing cloth.They had no children. Sixteen pictures by Diding are in the collection."pictures by Diding are in the collection.")
I Ketut Tombelos + (Batuaninteractive.com : "Tombelos was rais … Batuaninteractive.com :"Tombelos was raised by a poor stonecutter and didn't go to school, though he could read and write Balinese. About fifteen years old in 1938, Tombelos had been drawing since about 1934 or1935. He studied art with Ngendon, who was a close relative, and was a member of Pita Maha. There are twenty-three pictures by Tombelos in the collection."e pictures by Tombelos in the collection.")
I Made Jata + (Batuaninteractive.com: "About fifteen year … Batuaninteractive.com:"About fifteen years old at the time of making the pictures in the collection, Djata had been painting about two or three years. He said that he was self-taught be he had watched Ngendon at work. He visited the homes of the Western painters Bonnet and Spies, and showed them his work for criticism. He was a member of their group, Pita Maha. Djata was the son of a very poor carpenter. He hadnot been to school but could speak a littleMalay. Djata was an apprentice to a shadow puppet maker in Batuan, Dewa Putu Kebes, and the details of the headdresses and clothing in his drawings are taken from puppets. He was also close to Ngendon, who demonstrated how to draw rounded human bodies, especially nudes. In 1948, Connect appointed Djata teacher of art in a short-lived artisan's school established by the colonial government in Batuan. In the 1980s Djata was still painting, in much the samestyle as these pictures. His son also become a fine painter in the late 1970s. Djata produced twenty-seven pictures in this collection."twenty-seven pictures in this collection.")
Ida Bagus Made Djatasoera + (Batuaninteractive.com: "Djatasoera's fathe … Batuaninteractive.com:"Djatasoera's father died when he was twelve, leaving him no land. He did not go to school and worked as a migrant laborer on coffee plantations, as well as dancing the gambuh and playing in the tourist orchestra. He studiedpainting with Ngendon, Togog, and Djata for a number of years. Djatasoera was Mead and Bateson's favorite artist. Bateson published one of his pictures in anarticle on "Style, Grace, and Information on Primitive Art," under the name of Djatisoera. Mead and Bateson filmed him at work andcollected nearly all the pictures he made during their research period. Nineteen of his pictures are in the collection.After World War II, Djatasoera went into nationalist guerrilla combat against the Dutch government with Ngendon. He was captured, beaten severely, and died in prison in 1948."ten severely, and died in prison in 1948.")
Ida Bagus Nyoman Tjeta +
Nyoman Ngendon + (I Nyoman Ngendon (1920-1947) was a painter … I Nyoman Ngendon (1920-1947) was a painter from Banjar Dentiyis, Batuan, Sukawati, Gianyar. He first learned to paint the Kamasan wayang style from Dewa Nyoman Mura in the early 1930s. He was an influential figure in Rock painting and had many students. He is fluent in Malay, Dutch and English. During the Japanese occupation, he went to Yogyakarya, and met with Soekarno, Affandi, Soedjojono, and joined Persagi. Besides being known as a painter, he was a guerrilla figure under the leadership of I Gusti Ngurah Rai to help defend the independence of the Republic of Indonesia. He was captured by Nica's soldiers in Ketewel, tortured and executed.Ngendon is indeed an intelligent Batuan painter who is very anxious to develop himself in painting. In addition to painting in the Batuan style, Ngendon does many portraits using modern techniques. Ngendon is also a painting teacher who is very idealistic and visionary. For Ngendon, each student must be able to draw different shapes, not just copying things that already exist. Ngendon gave birth to a generation of Batuan painters who are able to explore and develop strong thematics.Batuaninteractive.com:"One of the first from Batuan to start painting about 1933 or 1934, along with Togo Djatasoera, and Tjeta. Ngendon learned his skillsfrom his cousin, Patera, who was the first to contact the Westerners Spies and Bonnet. In addition to painting and woodcarving, Patera organized dance troupes and orchestras for tourist performances, and after he died in 1935, Ngendon, took over that role. By the time Mead and Bateson began collecting, Ngendon was not making many pictures. He taught a large number of the Batuan people. Nine pictures by him are in the collection. According to Kaler, Ngendon had been to school for five years, could read, write, and speak Malay and some Dutch and English. He frequented the homes of Westerners and was a member of Pita Maha, the artists' cooperative set up by Spies and Bonnet. At one point he was Spies' favorite Batuan painter. His father was a moderately well-off farmer, and his mother an active merchant. During the Japanese occupation he went to Java to study painting and learned naturalist ideas, which he brought back to Bali. After the Japanese surrendered, Ngendon became a local leader in the nationalist struggle against the returned Dutch colonial presence but was captured and executed in 1948."ce but was captured and executed in 1948.")
Ida Bagus Made Togog + (Ida Bagus Made Togog (1913–1989) was a tra … Ida Bagus Made Togog (1913–1989) was a traditional painter in the Batuan style, Gianyar, Bali. Since childhood, Togog was very familiar with literature in the form of lontar, mythological stories, and folklore. These things become a source of inspiration in painting. When two anthropologists, Gregory Bateson and Margaret Mead conducted research on Balinese characters in Batuan Village from 1936 to 1938, Togog was asked to describe his dream expression. At that time, Togog produced dozens of paintings on paper with thematic themes of dreamland and niskala (unseen) with magical nuances. Togog's works can be found at the Puri Painting Museum, ARMA Museum, Bali Museum, Neka Museum, Tropenmuseum, Ethnography Museum in Leiden.Batuaninteractive.com:"Togog was a leader in the group of Batuan artists, in painting, in teaching painting to others, and in selling pictures. He was also one of the oldest, about twenty-five in 1937, was married and hadone child. His father had died when he was twelveyears old, and his mother supported him by selling foodstuffs. His grandparents had been priests. His wife was a weaver and a ritual specialist. Along with Ngendon, Togog was among the first to learn to paint, about two and a half years before Mead and Bateson arrived. He had painted designs on dancer's costumes and knew how to write classical Balinese on palm-leaf manuscripts.He was also a ritual specialist. Togog often visited Spies and Bonnet, watched them work, and tried to copy Bonnet's work and a picture from a magazine. He showed them his own work for criticism, and was a member of their artist's collective, Pita Maha. Togog spent time as a migrant farm laborer, plating coconut trees and working in a coffee plantation in the mountains.Togog assisted Bateson in checking the attributions of the paintings. He made eighty-three pictures in the collection." eighty-three pictures in the collection.")