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A list of all pages that have property "Biography text" with value "Andy McGraw received his Ph.D. in ethnomusicology from Wesleyan University in 2005. Dr. McGraw has published several articles and a monograph (on Oxford) concerning traditional and experimental music in Southeast Asia and has written articles on jazz, music in American jails and Cuban music. He is an active performer and directs a Balinese gamelan orchestra for the Richmond community.". Since there have been only a few results, also nearby values are displayed.

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  • CWAN  + (Tourism is one of the important factors inTourism is one of the important factors in the nation's economy, especially for the Balinese people. The occurrence of the Covid-19 pandemic has had a huge impact on the community, especially in the tourism sector in Bali. The emergence of Covid 19 resulted in a drastic drop in tourism income in Bali, starting from small traders, large businesses such as hotels, resorts, villas, drivers, luxury restaurants.</br>In an effort to revive Bali's tourism at this time after being affected by Covid 19, there are several ways that need to be input between implementing CWAN (Cheap, Work Together, Available, Negotiation).</br>Cheap in the sense of lowering or lowering the price of the main conditions for traveling in Bali such as swab tests or PCR, and quarantine will be very influential for the interest of visitors to visit Bali because they do not spend more money than they should and do not reduce the money prepared for the holiday.</br>Work Together requires relations between one country and another, regional relations with other regions as well as groups and individuals need to work together, commitment and the right policies. Cooperating with the foreign minister, the tourism minister, and the health minister to vaccinate their citizens before giving travel permits so that those who visit and those who visit are safe from the COVID-19 virus.</br>Available can be interpreted as providing facilities such as referrals regarding COVID-19 that is happening in Bali so that tourists know the latest Covid-19 situation in Bali. Able to provide information, health care and appropriate follow-up so as to provide a sense of security and comfort.</br>Negotiation, giving tourists additional services at prices that have been negotiated, for example, there are tourists who hold birthdays, weddings, etc. in Bali, so the place, decoration, consumption, can negotiate the price that will be given to the customer. tourists with complete health protocols at affordable prices and always improving the quality of service balanced with national and international events.</br>With the above stages, we hope to be able to make changes to make Bali tourism worldwide again, improve the economy so that it contributes greatly to the country's foreign exchange income. to the country's foreign exchange income.)
  • Jaga Bali: tindak tegas bule tidak beretika  + (Tourists are foreigners who travel, who coTourists are foreigners who travel, who come to enter another country that is not the country where the person lives with the aim of finding popular and famous places including beaches, mountains, hills, restaurants, cafes and various other attractions.</br></br>But unfortunately tourists who come to Bali are now increasingly making Balinese people uneasy because of tourists who use the road recklessly, enter the sacred area with dirty conditions (menstruation), occupy the holy place, naked in the middle of the art performance, there are even tourists who take indecent photos in the sacred area.</br></br>Strict action is needed for foreigners who come to Bali, it is hoped that the government will appoint subordinates to be more strict in guarding the sacred areas visited by foreign tourists, give assignments to the police to maintain traffic security if they see irresponsible foreigners must be followed up directly and provide sanctions / punishments.</br></br>Not only officials who can take firm action, in the future it is also authorized for Balinese citizens who see the behavior of irresponsible tourists.ee the behavior of irresponsible tourists.)
  • Tyra Kleen  + (Tyra Kleen (29 June 1874 - 17 September 19Tyra Kleen (29 June 1874 - 17 September 1951) was a Swedish artist, author and women's rights activist. Her paintings, illustrations, lithographs and publications were important to the Swedish fin de siècle art movement. But above all she was an independent ethnographical researcher.</br>In 1919, after WWI, she traveled to Java and Bali on a Swedish cargo ship. In Solo (Surakarta), Kleen worked with Beata van Helsdingen-Schoevers to write an anthropological study on the ritual court dances of Solo. Both also participated in the dance lessons. Kleen felt that dancing not only involved making the right movements on the sound of music, but that it also involved the transition into an altered state of mind to become in harmony not only with oneself, but with the Universe.</br></br>Unfortunately, this project ended in July 1920 in turmoil due to clashing personalities, and van Helsdingen-Schoevers died 17 August 1920 of an unknown disease. The project was finished in 1925 with help from "Volkslectuur" (the commission of folk literature), Mabel Fowler and miss Gobée, wife of the Head of the Office for Internal Affairs, titled "The Serimpi and Bedojo Dances at the Court of Surakarta", with 16 pages of text. In July 1925 there appeared a new edition with 30 pages of text. The coloured plates were reproductions made by the Topographic Service of Kleen's drawings. For everyone involved, but especially Kleen, the result was very disappointing, because she wanted to participate in this project in order to result in a standard reference work that could be presented worldwide.</br></br>When she arrived in Bali in 1920, she started a new project on the mudras, or ritual hand poses, of the Balinese Hindu priests with the assistance of the Rajah of Karangasem, Gusti Bagus Djilantik, whom she had met in Solo the year before, and of Piet de Kat Angelino. This was a turning point in her career because de Kat Angelino was able to explain to her the mudras and also encouraged the priests to cooperate. He was district-officer (controleur) of Gianjar and Klungklung for over a decade and had been collecting material on Balinese priests for years in his home in Gianjar. At his home, she could draw priests and their mudras. Their work together is presented in the book Mudras, with text and illustrations by Kleen, who acknowledged that much of the technical information about the poses and ceremonies came from de Kat Angelino and later on from R.Ng. Poerbatjaraka. Kleen spent the whole of 1921 in Java, working on the material collected in Bali the year before. She exhibited her pictures of the priests at the Art Society in Batavia. Collaboration with de Kat Angelino continued and she met him in Amsterdam on her way home. With his help an exhibition was arranged at the Colonial Institute in Amsterdam. The exhibition was favorably reviewed by de Kat Angelino in the magazine Nederlandsch Indië, Oud en Nieuw. What was the reaction at that time in the Netherlands on her work in Bali? Anne Hallema, a Dutch journalist and art-criticus wrote a critical and extensive article on the Mudra's which appeared Elseviers Geïllustreerd Maandschrift, Jaargang 34, 1924 pp. 145–147. He disqualified her work as an artist but praised her for her scientific contribution. He ends his article with stating that we have to be grateful that this stranger from the land of Selma Lagerlöf toke the initiativ to study the mudra's of the Balinese priests in performing his Hinduistic rituals. Specially the Indologists and Orientalists should be happy with the appearance of this publication.</br></br>Another crucial exhibition was Två vittberesta damer (Two Travelling Ladies) at Liljevalch's Public Art Gallery in Stockholm 1922, where she showed art and artifacts from Java and Bali together with Swedish photographer and author Ida Trotzig contributing works from Japan. This exhibition was the starting point for the "Bali-fever" in Sweden. Kleen's depictions of mudras were shown at the Victoria and Albert Museum in 1923.</br></br>Besides Mudras, Kleen published two other books about Bali: Ni-Si-Pleng, a story about black children written for white children (1924), and, seven years later, Tempeldanser och musikinstrument pa Bali, printed in 300 numbered copies, translated in 1936 as The Temple Dances in Bali.</br></br>Kleen's study on the mudras, the exhibition in Amsterdam at the Colonial Institute and the publication of her books made her internationally known. For her scientific ethnographic work on Bali, Kleen was awarded the Johan August Wahlberg silver medal in April 1938, given to individuals who have "promoted anthropological and geographical science through outstanding efforts".</br></br>Walter Spies was the central figure in the circle of artists residing on the island in Ubud, Klungklung and Karangasem. He was considered to be the greatest expert on Balinese dance and drama. Together with the British dance critic Beryl de Zoete, he wrote the standard 1938 work Dance and Drama in Bali. Spies was jealous of the international success of Kleen[citation needed] and wrote a very critical nine-page review of the Temple Dances in Bali in the journal Djawa (1939). He complained, "the text and the depictions are filled with so many mistakes, errors and incorrect statements that one must shake one's head." Spies claims that as an ethnographic document the book has no value. As a result, there were nearly no references to the work of Kleen in any ethnographic periodicals or publications after this critical review. It is only in 1962 that C. Hooykaas in his article "Saiva-Siddhanta in Java and Bali" supported the importance of the study on mudras by de Kat Angelino and Kleen.</br></br>Kleen contributed work to various European magazines, including Sluyters' Monthly, Nederlandsch Indië Oud en Nieuw, Ord och Bild and Inter-Ocean, between 1920 and 1925 and influenced in this way the perception and expectations of foreign visitors to Bali. Furthermore, she influenced with her colourful, vivid and dynamic art-deco drawing style the development of painting by local artists in Bali, not in a one-way influence but more a kind of mutual influence.Mostly these local paintings were made for the touristic market and depicted daily life instead of exclusively being concerned with gods, demons and the Ramayana and Mahabharata epics. In this way, she took part in the marketing of "the last paradise". This also meant that she became associated with this type of magazine drawing instead of her more important ethnographic publications. more important ethnographic publications.)
  • Umbu Wulang Landu Paranggi  + (Umbu Wulang Landu Paranggi, born in KanangUmbu Wulang Landu Paranggi, born in Kananggar, Waingapu, East Sumba, East Nusa Tenggara, August 10, 1943. His poems have been published in many mass media, including the Indonesian Pulpit, Basis, Pusara Magazine, Arena, Yogya Pioneer, Bali Post, Journal CAK, Kolong Magazine. Some of his poems are also summarized in joint anthologies, including Manifes (1968), Milestone III (1987), The Ginseng (1993), Saron (2018), Tutur Batur (2019). </br></br>Umbu used to take care of the literature room at the Pelopor Yogya weekly, which was headquartered on Jalan Malioboro. On March 5, 1969, together with several other figures, Umbu founded the literary community Persada Studi Klub (PSK). At that time Umbu was dubbed the President of Malioboro. The pioneers of Yogya and PSK gave birth to hundreds or even thousands of poets scattered throughout Indonesia.</br></br>Since 1978 Umbu lived in Bali and in July 1979 was asked to become the literary editor of the Bali Post daily. As he did in Pioneer Yogya, Umbu faithfully, diligently, and painstakingly, nurtured the seeds of writers to grow into well-known figures in Indonesian literature.</br></br>For his dedication to the world of literature, Umbu was awarded a number of awards. These include the 2018 Cultural Award from the Faculty of Cultural Sciences, University of Indonesia, the 2018 Dharma Kusuma Award from the Bali Provincial Government, the Literature Service Award from the Language and Book Development Agency in 2019, and the Jakarta Academy Award (2019). Umbu died on April 6, 2021y Award (2019). Umbu died on April 6, 2021)
  • I Gusti Bagus Rai Utama  + (Universitas Dhyana Pura Asst. Professor of Tourism at Dhyana Pura University, Bali Br. Tegaljaya, Dalung, Kuta Utara Badung, Bali Denpasar, Bali 80351 Indonesia http://www.undhirabali.ac.id)
  • Bart Verheijen  + (Verheijen is a post-doc in History in the Verheijen is a post-doc in History in the University of Amsterdam. He holds a PhD in Napoleonic history from Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen. His works focusing on the age of revolutions, political theory in the 19th century, colonial citizenship and Indonesian history and culture. He lived and worked in South East Asia including Myanmar and Indonesia for three years and affiliated with Hasanuddin University in Makassar, Sulawesi.sanuddin University in Makassar, Sulawesi.)
  • W. Mustika  + (W. Mustika was born in Kuta, Bali, SeptembW. Mustika was born in Kuta, Bali, September 11, 1970. He pioneered the Rumah Semesta Community since the publication of his 4th book: When the Universe Talks (2013). To date, he has written and published 11 books on life and spirituality. He has also written the poem "Klungkung, Tanah Tua Tanah Cinta" (2016) which was included in the poetry anthology book with the same title. Rumah Semesta is a community that, apart from working in the field of humanity, also focuses on being a shared learning space to understand life, as a place for people to release the inner burdens of the joys and sorrows of life and also as a place to learn together to understand one's spirituality.together to understand one's spirituality.)
  • Wayan Jengki Sunarta  + (WAYAN JENGKI SUNARTA was born in Denpasar,WAYAN JENGKI SUNARTA was born in Denpasar, Bali, June 22nd, 1975. He is a graduate of Udayana University, Cultural Anthropology, Faculty of Letters, and studied painting at ISI Denpasar. Jenkgi has been writing poetry since the early 1990s, and later also wrote lyrical prose, short stories, features, essays/art and culture articles, critics/art reviews, and novels.</br></br>His writings are published in various local and national mass media, among them Kompas, Koran Tempo, Media Indonesia, Republika, Suara Pembaruan, The Jakarta Post, Jawa Post, Pikiran Rakyat, Bali Post, Jurnal Kebudayaan Kalam, Jurnal Cerpen Indonesia, Majalah Sastra Horison, Majalah Gong, Majalah Visual Arts, Majalah Arti, and Majalah Sarasvati.Arts, Majalah Arti, and Majalah Sarasvati.)
  • Walter Spies  + (Walter Spies is a German artist born in MoWalter Spies is a German artist born in Moscow, September 15, 1895. Apart from being a painter, he was also a music and dance artist. In 1923 he came to Java and settled in Yogyakarta. He worked as a court pianist and was asked to help with the palace's artistic activities. He was the first to introduce numerical notation for gamelan in the Yogyakarta palace. This notation was later developed in other palaces and is used today.</br></br>After his contract was completed in Yogyakarta, Spies moved to Ubud, Bali, in 1927. He was close friends with the King of Ubud, Tjokorda Gede Agoeng Soekawati. Spies also got to know many local artists and was very impressed with Balinese art. He collaborated with Wayan Limbak, polishing the sacred Cak dance into Kecak.</br></br>With the support of the King of Ubud, together with the Dutch painter, Rudolf Bonnet, Spies founded Pita Maha, a community of Balinese artists in 1936. Spies also introduced many modern artist techniques to Balinese artists. There are still quite a lot of followers of Walter Spies' painting style in the Ubud area.</br></br>Spies died on January 19, 1942 when his ship Van Imhoff was bombed by Japanese forces during World War II.ed by Japanese forces during World War II.)
  • Ketut Swardana  + (Was born in 1969 in Singaraja. He graduatWas born in 1969 in Singaraja. He graduated in 1990 from "Fine Arts School" in Denpasar, bali. He's an active painter who keeps searching for professional painters as his teacher and companion. In the past he has worked through a joint system with "Pierre Poretti", an artist from Lugano, Switzerland.</br></br>Most of Ketut Swardana's works are an expression of creativeness on canvas. The quality of his work improves with each passing day. For Swardana, the most important factor to his art is satisfaction to his feelings.o his art is satisfaction to his feelings.)
  • Wayan Djiwa  + (Wayan Djiwa was born in Banjar Binoh Kaja,Wayan Djiwa was born in Banjar Binoh Kaja, Denpasar, 1906. He is a Palegongan gamelan maestro. Based on the mastery of the Gender percussion, he studied the gamelan Legong Keraton in 1915 which was pioneered in Banjar Binoh. Apart from being an expert in the art of karawitan, he is also known as undagi, a skilled traditional Balinese architect. a skilled traditional Balinese architect.)
  • Wayan Gde Yudane  + (Wayan Gde Yudane was born in Kaliungu, DenWayan Gde Yudane was born in Kaliungu, Denpasar, 1964. He graduated from Karawitan Arts at ISI Denpasar. He has worked on many musical works for concerts, theater/performance arts, literature, and films. He won the Melbourne Age Criticism award for Creative Excellent at the Adelaide Festival, Australia (2000). He performed at the Wangarata Jazz Festival, Australia (2001), toured Europe with the Temps Fort Theatre, the France and Cara Bali Group, as well as the Munich and La Batie Festivals. </br></br>His works include the music for the films Sacred and Secret (2010), Laughing Water and Terra-Incognita, and Arak (2004), and so on. Crossroads of Denpasar is one of his works that was ordered by radio New Zealand and later purchased by radio Australia and BBC London. Another work, Paradise Regained, which was inspired by the 2002 Bali bombings, was played by pianist Ananda Sukarlan in various international performances. His collaborated with Paul Grabowsky, The Theft of Sita, performed at the Next Wave Festival, New York City, 2011.e Next Wave Festival, New York City, 2011.)
  • Wayan Gunasta  + (Wayan Gunasta alias Gungun, was born in NyWayan Gunasta alias Gungun, was born in Nyuh Kuning, Ubud. He has written poetry since he was a teenager and has been featured in many articles in the Bali Post. In addition to poetry, he pursued the art of cartoons, vignettes, sketches, painting. He has studied "character design and animation" in Japan. Since 1979 he has been diligent in exhibiting his works at home and abroad, such as Balai Budaya Jakarta (1979), Frementale Art Gallery (Australia, 1994), Oriental City (London, England, 2004), V Gallery (Yogya, 2007), etc. His published cartoon and comic books include Mahabhrata Comic Series (1992), Bali in Cartoon (1997), Gunasta Sketsa Rhythm (1999), Bali Pulau Cartoon (2004), Propoor Tourism (2006), Balinese Coloring Book Series (2008). He initiated and published a collection of poems by eighty-one Balinese poets whose works were published in the Bali Post, entitled Edition Hitam Putih (Wayan Pendet Foundation, 2006).tam Putih (Wayan Pendet Foundation, 2006).)
  • Wayan Suastama  + (Wayan Suastama is a painter born in LalangWayan Suastama is a painter born in Lalanglinggah, Tabanan, Bali, 1972. He studied fine arts at ISI Denpasar. Since 1995 he has been diligent in displaying his works in joint and solo exhibitions, both at home and abroad, such as the Bali Megarupa (2019) exhibition. In 2000, his work entered the final of the Philip Morris Art Award. In general, his works often feature female figures with soft and charming colors. He is active in the art community Militanarts.</br></br>Read Full article in Sawidji Artist Biography</br></br>Wayan Suastama and the Art of Introspection</br></br>In pursuit of art, I wished to have a better understanding, so I went to SMSR Batubulan Denpasar. I didn’t have the ambition to be a painter or this or that, I just wanted to understand art better. In fact, in SMSR I chose to study graphics and communications. This was a study of typography and graphics.</br></br></br>https://sawidji.com/about-sawidji/artists-sawidji-gallery/wayan-suastama/ji/artists-sawidji-gallery/wayan-suastama/)
  • I Wayan Suja  + (Wayan Suja was born in Batubulan, 8 DecembWayan Suja was born in Batubulan, 8 December 1975. He was graduated from the Indonesian Art Institute in Denpasar in year 2001. He started to have exhibition in year 1994. He was awarded Finalist of 7th Phillip Morris Art Award in year 2000 and awarded Best Sketch and Best Work in the previous years. His artwork was one of the best 30 in The 2005 Sovereign Art Prize, Hongkong.in The 2005 Sovereign Art Prize, Hongkong.)
  • Wayan Sumahardika  + (Wayan Sumahardika was born in Denpasar, MaWayan Sumahardika was born in Denpasar, May 11, 1992. He obtained a Masters degree at Undiksha Language Education Study Program, Singaraja. He became a director, scriptwriter and founder of Teater Kalangan. His manuscript won first place in the Indonesian Monologue Script Contest at the UIN Jakarta Festival, first place in the Traditional Drama Script Writing Competition for the Bali Provincial Culture Service 2018, and 1st Place in the Modern Drama Script Writing Competition for the Bali Provincial Culture Office 2017. Some of his performances were staged at the event. Indonesia V Theater pulpit, Bali Emerging Writers Festival, Bali Arts Festival, Bali Mandara Nawanatya, 100 Putu Wijaya Monologue Festival, Canasta Theater Parade, North Bali Young Theater Parade, Jembrana Hamlet Festival and Bali Language Month Festival in Bali Province. Writings in the form of poetry, short stories, essays, and theater reviews have been published in a number of media such as Indopos, Media Indonesia, Bali Post, Bali Tribune, Tribune Bali, Tatakala.co, Bale Bengong and have been compiled in several anthologies.have been compiled in several anthologies.)
  • I Wayan Januariawan  + (Wayan was born in Jauary 1986. He is a graWayan was born in Jauary 1986. He is a graduate of the Indonesian Institute of the Arts in Denpasar. </br>Donal wishes to revive and embody the “tradition” of painting in the history of the development of modern art through the method of painting on the spot. He returns to nature and tries to appreciate and permeate the phenomenon of form, where aspects of light play a vital role in the absorption of objects by the eye and are then transferred to the canvas plane.</br></br>The choice of objects painted by Donal on the spot is also an object in the surrounding environment that is familiar in his daily life as a Balinese. Thus, what appears visibly to Donal’s works is the painting of landscapes, trees, or parts of certain plants that are painted close-up, or a collection of natural objects.</br></br>Donal views painting as part of the culture of society. He wants to present things that might look simple, natural, and beautiful (in the eyes of ordinary people) in the hope that this will be the entrance for them to be able to respond to even deeper things, that is, the ideas in each of his paintings.</br></br>Based on Donal’s view of his creative process as serious and intense, painting on the spot with impasto techniques, we can read this as Donal’s effort to celebrate and give meaning to painting as a way of presenting beauty and peace of mind through the elements of art—especially colors, which all support light. Donal puts painting as mainstream in his creative process. His struggle and his trust in the power of painting is an inseparable part of a human being’s sense of beauty.</br></br>He joined in group exhibitions from 2005, and had solo exhibitions from 2014. 2005, and had solo exhibitions from 2014.)
  • Peran Krama Bali Kaanggen Ngwangun Pariwisata Bali Mangkin lan Selanturnyane  + (We all know how the condition of Bali tourWe all know how the condition of Bali tourism is after the Covid-19 pandemic. Tourists are not allowed to go to Bali so that Covid-19 virus does not spike again. This causes Bali tourism to decline. Balinese people who work in the tourism sector do not get jobs. The Bali government has issued a policy that is used to suppress the spread of the Corona Virus. One of the policies is the implementation of restrictions on community activities or what is known as PPKM (Pemberlakuan Pembatasan Kegiatan Masyarakat). This causes the spread of Covid-19 to decrease. </br></br>Because the government already has efforts to reduce the spread of the Corona Virus, we as the next generation can help the government to improve Bali tourism. There are many procedures that can be used to improve Balinese tourism. The first way is to promote Balinese tourist destinations using social media. This requires the participation of the Balinese people. Those who like to upload photos while on vacation to tourist destinations in Bali can also help develop and improve Bali tourism. Indonesia has a website that is used to promote Indonesian tourism. </br></br>Second, the public can help provide tourist destinations in accordance with health protocols related to government policies, as well as maintaining the cleanliness of tourism places. This causes a sense of security. </br></br>Third, Bali has many cultural works that are popular abroad, for example, such as carvings, paintings, sculptures, and so on. Maybe Balinese artists can provide counseling to the younger generation on how to make art. This can foster a sense of love for domestic products and can encourage Balinese cultural works with the younger generation.</br></br>Well, that's a little bit about the procedure to restore Bali tourism during the pandemic. We should always remember our identity as Balinese people, namely to develop Balinese culture.eople, namely to develop Balinese culture.)
  • BALI MELALI: Nangiang Pariwisata Ring Bali  + (Who doesn't know about the island of Bali?Who doesn't know about the island of Bali? The island is already famous to foreign countries. Tourism in Bali is the source of the economy that supports most Balinese people. But as it is now, Bali tourism has dimmed since the Covid-19 virus is endemic in the world. It has been two years since the Covid-19 virus has attacked our beloved earth. Several policies have been implemented. However, Bali tourism has not been able to return to normal. We as citizens, especially as young Balinese, should provide and carry out creative efforts that can stimulate tourism in Bali.</br></br>In this era of globalization, everything is digital and sophisticated. We can use this advanced technological development as a tool to generate tourism in Bali. One of the creative businesses that can generate tourism in Bali is an application called BALI MELALI. This application uses technology in the form of VR or Virtual Reality. In the BALI MELALI application, it displays tourism destinations in Bali. If you use this VR technology, tourists or anyone who has downloaded the BALI MELALI application can see the tourism places that we want. Using this VR, tourism destinations in Bali can be seen for real, this can foster a sense of longing for Bali and cause tourists to want to come again to Bali.</br></br>In the BALI MELALI application, it not only displays well-known tourism destinations, but should also display places that are not widely known. In Bali, there are actually many tourist destinations that are not well known. If you only show places like Kuta Beach, Pandawa Beach, many tourists will already know. That's why in this application it is very good if it shows places that are not known by many people. Not only that, the BALI MELALI application does not only display virtual or images, but can be filled with sounds that are in that place. For example at Candikuning Waterfall, if we travel to waterfalls, there are definitely sounds like the sound of gurgling water, the sound of trees blowing by the wind, the sound of birds and so on.</br>The presence of images and sounds in the BALI MELALI ibi application can certainly cause longing from tourists and travel to Bali. Hopefully the business in the form of the BALI MELALI application can help Bali tourism return to normal. Hopefully Bali tourism will rise soon.al. Hopefully Bali tourism will rise soon.)
  • Widi Widiana (I Ketut Widiana)  + (Widi Widiana whose real name is I Ketut WiWidi Widiana whose real name is I Ketut Widiana is a Balinese pop singer born in 1974. Most of his songs are about love. He was born into a family of artists. His father is a song teacher and dancer, his mother (Ni Made Kibik) is also a dancer. Widi and his brothers formed a band called the Diana Band. Since 1991, the band has performed from banjar to banjar, hotel to hotel, event to event.</br></br></br>As a single singer, Widi started his career in 1994 with the album "Tungan Tiang", which is a compilation album with other Balinese pop singers. His first solo album appeared in 1996, "Sesapi Putih", followed by a compilation album, "Tresna Kaping Siki", in 1996. the same year. The second solo album was born in 1997 with the label "Sampek Ing Tay". Then the next album titled "Special Fried Rice" (2015), "Formalin Sik Luh" (2017). In 2005 he won the best male singer version of the "Bali Music Award I". He has since given birth to more than ten solo albums. given birth to more than ten solo albums.)
  • W.O.J. Nieuwenkamp  + (Wijnand Otto Jan Nieuwenkamp (Amsterdam, JWijnand Otto Jan Nieuwenkamp (Amsterdam, July 27, 1874 – Fiesole, April 23, 1950), was a Dutch multi-faceted autodidact. As an artist he was active as a painter, draftsman, sculptor, etcher, lithographer, and designer of book covers and of ex-libris. In addition, he was also known as a writer, architect, explorer, ethnologist and collector of East Asian art.</br></br>He is said to be the first European artist to visit Bali (note: not verified), being greatly influenced by and himself influencing the island's art and culture, and making it better known in wider world. He was also deeply involved with various other parts of the then Dutch East Indies.other parts of the then Dutch East Indies.)
  • Thomas Wright  + (Wright is a Ph.D candidate in AnthropologyWright is a Ph.D candidate in Anthropology from The University of Queensland, Australia. He held a bachelor of journalism majoring in Anthropology and International Relations from the same university. His research interests include Bali, Indonesia, ethnography, political ecology, water, tourism, pollution and knowledge., water, tourism, pollution and knowledge.)
  • Yong Sagita  + (Yong Sagita, born in Buleleng, November 30Yong Sagita, born in Buleleng, November 30, 1961. He is a Balinese pop singer who triumphed in the 1980s – 1990s. He started his career as a singer in 1985 through Aneka Records. At that time, through the group 2S (Sagita and Sayup), he launched his first album titled "Madu signed Tuba". Then in 1986 launched the album "Ngipi Lucut". In 1987, Yong Sagita moved to Maharani Records and released the album "Karmina". His popularity rose when he released the album "Drooling" in 1988 with his hit song titled "Jaje Kakne". The album sold well in the market. In 1989 he released the album "Karmina III" with his hit song "Ciri-Character", which was also a bestseller in the market.which was also a bestseller in the market.)
  • Wayan Sila  + (“The very first night I slept over at my n“The very first night I slept over at my new studio an owl flew into the garden. It wasn’t a coincidence that I noticed it perched in a tree,” says Balinese artist Wayan Sila. “This was a</br>special experience and powerful omen. A gift from the Gods to me.”</br></br>The owl is much revered by indigenous cultures and in folklore around the world as a</br>guardian spirit, as well as a wise creature capable of extraordinary sight. Balinese</br>mythology reveals that if an owl visits a family compound while a female member is</br>pregnant this is indeed a positive sign. Burung Hantu literally translates from bahasa</br>Indonesia into the English language as ghost bird; or the owl, the mysterious bird of the</br>night.</br>“I have a unique connection with owls. It is a potent image that resonates with my heart. I</br>was intuitively led to draw the owl and then I began to include it in my works. It has now</br>manifested into a personal symbolic image, equivalent to the Barong. The owl also</br>encourages me to reflect on the joy that I derive from my family life,” says Wayan.</br>Born in Ubud, 1970, Wayan Silawasinspired by his grandfather, well known local artist</br>Wayan Barwa. From an early age he regularly visited Barwa’sstudio and gallery,</br>surrounded by the paintings of his Balinese heritage, this was the perfect scenario for a</br>child to learn to draw and paint.</br>Wayan soon became adept in the “Ubud Style” of modern traditional Balinese painting. In</br>the evolution of Balinese painting during the last century, from its origins of the Classical</br>Kamasan style that concerned teachings from the Hindu Epics, each village then began to</br>create their own distinctive style.</br>The Ubud style moved away from the religious and began to be characterized by</br>narratives that involve daily village life and depictions of rural and environmental</br>landscapes. The artists from Ubud were quick to adopt western influences in the 1930’s,</br>depth of field, shades of color, localized narratives and the development of the human</br>figure. The Kamasan style was originally a collective work and never signed by an</br>individual. The new personalized and expressive form of Balinese painting has its roots</br>firmly entrenched here in Ubud.</br></br>Wayan’s canvases are beautifully composed and resound with an overwhelming sense of</br>balance and harmony. His highly detailed works are first sketched in pencil then outlined</br>in black Chinese ink, finally they are rendered in acrylic paint with a fine kaus bamboo, a</br>small piece of bamboo crafted with a tiny point to apply the medium. A large canvas, 100 x</br>80 cms, may take up to six months to complete. “In 1997 I was inspired to include owls in my compositions after seeing a wonderful sketch by a Japanese child.”</br></br>Wayan’s relationship with the burung hantu then activated an endearing association with</br>the people of Japan, to whom the owl is symbolic of happiness. He first visited Japan in</br>2002 and his premiere solo exhibition there was in 1998. Every year since then Wayan has </br>enjoyed the privilege of exhibiting work in galleries, department stores, even in the</br>Indonesian Consulate in Tokyo. He has held over 15 solo exhibitions in Japan, and</br>numerous other exhibitions in Bali, Jakarta, Spain and also at the prestigious Agung Rai</br>Museum of Art in Ubud.</br></br>“It’s an honor for me to be invited on intercultural exchange programs teaching young</br>Japanese students traditional Balinese painting techniques. I do this each year when I visit</br>Japan.” Wayan has since developed a healthy market for his works there and continues to</br>ell to the Japanese tourists who often visit his Ubud studio/gallery.</br></br>Wayan Sila, acrylic on Canvas, 2012,</br>45x 60cm.</br>Wayan Sila</br>Garden + Bale studio of Wayan Sila.</br>Wayan Sila. 2012, chinese ink +</br>acrylic on canvas, 60x80cm.</br>Wayan’s cooperative works with Japanese poet Yoko Jatiasih have been the focus of two books. They initially</br>collaborated in 1998 to create music and poetry for his paintings. In 2004 their first book “Kata Kata” Echoes From The</br>Woods, and then in 2010 “Pelan Pelan” were published.</br>Browsing through these books, the creative synergy between the two is easy to recognize. Yoko’s short poems, no more</br>than 6 lines, resonate with an uncomplicated intelligence. Upon the opposing page to the text are Wayan’s</br>complimentary images created especially to accompany each poem.</br>As you contemplate the words essence, as well as study Wayan’s images, the mysterious bird of the nights’full round</br>eyes are firmly transfixed upon you. The fusion of words along with the images perplex the imagination, and then defy</br>you to believe their medium is the owl’s silent and alluring gaze.</br>In 2011 Wayan relocated to his new studio gallery in Jalan Bisma in Ubud. Journey 400 meters along Jalan Bisma until the</br>roadside urban development gives way to the effervescence of the padis. Down on the right hand side nestled in the</br>sawah you will find his small abode. Look for the sign on the road then follow the narrow path that divides the green</br>swaying fields to his studio/gallery encircled by the bamboo fence.</br>Wayan has created a personal space that reflects the elements that enrich and sustain him. Situated in the middle of the</br>yard he has built a bamboo bale which functions as his studio, yet also as a place of quiet retreat. The surrounding</br>garden is abundant with organic vegetables, fruit trees, medicinal herbs, ornamental shrubs and flowers. Indeed, Wayan</br>has created his special own oasis.</br>As you enter his two Bali dogs are quick to offer enthusiastic toothy greetings. The verdant vegetation is soothing and</br>inviting. I discover two rabbits, four exotic birds and frogs and snakes frequent visitors, so Wayan tells me. Stone</br>carvings covered with brilliant green moss hide among the foliage, shrines and small Hindu temples are adorned with</br>offerings and the sweet sent of burning incense seduces the senses. An outhouse serves as a simple kitchen and two </br>rooms contain Wayan’s gallery painting collection and books for sale.</br>When we observe Wayan’s paintings we enter into a beautiful and extraordinarily tranquil world. His owls’ peer out</br>from within forests and lush scenes, their big eyes possess a magnetic pull and communicate a language that is</br>deciphered in our hearts. Wayan Sila is a painter of immense sensitivity and his works are vehicles of healing qualities and love.re vehicles of healing qualities and love.)
  • I Nyoman Popo Priyatna Danes  + (“What the modern architecture is still try“What the modern architecture is still trying to achieve today has been implemented in the traditional Balinese architecture for centuries now, where the concepts of energy conservation and environmental preservation are amongst the fundamental elements in every design.” – Popo Danes</br></br>From private homes and restaurants to starred hotels and luxury resorts, the renowned Balinese architect Nyoman Popo Danes is known for his exemplary designs that showcase a distinct flair of being in harmony with the local culture and nature. This green-conscientious architect always integrates eco-friendly aspects of Bali’s traditional architecture into his designs.</br></br>“While some architects are very focused on making their buildings look stunning from the outside, my main concern has always been the functionality of each aspect of the building. I always make sure that my designs are in harmony with their natural surroundings; that each room has a function; that a strong connection between the architecture, landscape, and interior is established. I don’t care if my architecture is not photogenic, as long as it serves its function well.”</br></br>As an international destination, Bali attracts people from all corners of the world with its uniqueness. Therefore, Popo believes that every building on the island needs to be able to help these people feel that they are in Bali. “When you travel, you want to be immersed in the local atmosphere. In Bali, a building should exude the feeling of locality so when you enter it, you know you’re not in Jakarta, Hong Kong, or anywhere else.”</br></br>The works of the two-time ASEAN Energy Award winner (in the category of Best Practice in Tropical Architecture) are known as some of the most striking in design, functionality, and environmental consciousness. Air conditioners take up the biggest energy consumption in a building, and Popo’s eco-friendly creations have the ability to ‘communicate’ with nature to lessen energy consumption through the overuse of air conditioners.</br></br>“I create buildings that have open pavilions (just like in typical Balinese buildings) to allow breeze to blow in, and I don’t put too many glass windows. Then again, air circulation or heat is not the only reason why air conditioners are overused. People also tend to turn their air conditioners on to escape from the noise pollution outside their buildings. When all windows and doors are shut, it’s quiet inside. This is where nature steps in. Towering trees can be a great noise filter, and they also serve as a fresh, cool air provider.”</br></br>From Indonesia to India and China to the Philippines, most of Popo’s architecture projects involve challenging landscapes. “It’s never easy. A lot of projects i’ve been doing so far (especially for luxury resorts) involve slanted soil, hilly surfaces and everything else not flat. Of course I can always take the easy job; for example in Bali, I get so many offers to design a building on a flat surface. The thing is, in order for me to build it, I have to get rid of a rice field. I will never build anything on a rice field. Rice field is a symbol of prosperity for the Balinese, and is home to the goddess of prosperity, Dewi Sri.”e to the goddess of prosperity, Dewi Sri.”)
  • Andrew Clay McGraw  + (Andy McGraw received his Ph.D. in ethnomusAndy McGraw received his Ph.D. in ethnomusicology from Wesleyan University in 2005. Dr. McGraw has published several articles and a monograph (on Oxford) concerning traditional and experimental music in Southeast Asia and has written articles on jazz, music in American jails and Cuban music. He is an active performer and directs a Balinese gamelan orchestra for the Richmond community.elan orchestra for the Richmond community.)
  • Jean Couteau  + ("...apart from Bali on which his many book"...apart from Bali on which his many books focus — like Time Rites and Festivals in Bali Today I, Bali Today II, Bali Inspires and Lempad ( 2014 ) — he has written numerous books on Indonesian artists, such as Affandi, Arifien Neif, Srihadi Sudarsono, Walter Spies, Made Wiante and many more.</br></br>He is indeed a learned man. But his demeanor displays a humility that can be too much, even for his close Indonesian friends. They say he is more Javanese than the Javanese. He would never stand up, for instance, to demand his due, leaving himself victim to people’s manipulative tendencies.</br></br>Yet he is held in high respect. ..."</br></br>full piece at https://www.thejakartapost.com/life/2018/03/05/jean-couteau-self-critique-as-a-way-of-criticizing.htmlself-critique-as-a-way-of-criticizing.html)
  • "Nyinggihang Masa Depan Bali sane Berkelanjutan: Pikobet lan Tugas Calon Pamimpin"  + ("Beloved fellow citizens, General electio"Beloved fellow citizens,</br></br>General elections are the time when we as citizens have the power to shape our future. Bali, our beloved homeland, faces a number of issues that require urgent attention from our future leaders.</br></br>As we prepare to choose new leaders, it's crucial to consider pressing issues that demand immediate solutions. Among the various problems at hand, some prominent issues that need immediate attention from Bali's future leaders are:</br></br>Firstly, the environment and sustainability. Bali, with its natural beauty, is under significant pressure due to rapid growth. Conservation of the environment and protection of natural resources are crucial to prevent further damage to the island. Future leaders must have a clear vision to preserve Bali's natural beauty while also managing sustainable growth.</br></br>Secondly, adequate infrastructure. Despite Bali's status as a popular tourist destination, there's a need for better infrastructure to support economic growth and everyday activities of the people. Effective leaders should prioritize the development of suitable infrastructure without compromising environmental preservation.</br></br>Thirdly, social welfare. There exist disparities in Bali that need to be addressed. Improving access to education, focusing on public health, and increasing job opportunities with fair wages should be the primary focus of future leaders. Even social welfare will form a strong foundation for Bali's progress.</br></br>Fourthly, transparency and accountability in governance. It's essential for leaders to build transparent and accountable governance. The community should have complete trust in their leaders and feel heard in the decision-making process.</br></br>Fellow citizens, this election isn't just about selecting leaders but about choosing leaders with a clear vision, strong commitment, and the ability to address pressing issues. Let's choose leaders who can lead Bali towards a better future, one that is fair and sustainable for us all.</br></br>Thank you."r and sustainable for us all. Thank you.")
  • Hildred Geertz  + ("Hildred was born in Queens, New York on F"Hildred was born in Queens, New York on February 12, 1927 and reared there and in Teaneck, New Jersey. A graduate of Antioch College, she received her Ph.D. from Radcliffe College in 1956. Her first book, The Javanese Family (Free Press of Glencoe, Inc.), was published in 1961. After her initial fieldwork in Java, she taught at The University of Chicago from 1960 to 1970 before coming to Princeton University in 1970. At Princeton, Hildred taught courses on the history of anthropological theory, the anthropological study of life stories, the anthropology of art, and the ethnographer’s craft.</br></br>In 1972, Hildred became the first chairperson of the Department of Anthropology at Princeton University, and thus the first woman chair of a department at Princeton, a position in which she served for many years. She was named Professor Emeritus in 1998.</br></br>Hildred did extensive fieldwork in Morocco, and in Java and Bali, Indonesia and returned to Indonesia repeatedly during her career to conduct the research which helped fuel her extensive list of publications. She completed more than two years of fieldwork research in the village of Batuan on the island of Bali. Working in the same village that was studied in the 1930s by Margaret Mead and Gregory Bateson, she focused on the interconnections between different Balinese art forms and how and why such forms have changed through time. She investigated the effects of economic development and tourism on Balinese artistic endeavor.</br></br>The first book from the research in Batuan, Images of Power: Balinese Paintings Made for Gregory Bateson and Margaret Mead, was published in January 1995 (University of Hawaii Press). In 2004,The Life of a Balinese Temple: Artistry, Imagination, and History in a Peasant Village was also published by the University of Hawaii Press. Among her other works, Professor Geertz is co-author with her former husband Clifford Geertz of Kinship in Bali (University of Chicago Press, 1975), and co-author with Clifford Geertz and Lawrence Rosen of Meaning and Order in Moroccan Society (Cambridge University Press, 1979). Most recently, in 2017, at the age of 90, her book, Storytelling in Bali, was published by the Dutch publishing house Brill."shed by the Dutch publishing house Brill.")
  • Made Janur Yasa  + ("In the year and a half the pandemic has p"In the year and a half the pandemic has persisted, Bali’s almost decimated tourist economy has had had far-reaching financial and social effects on the resident population. It is, however, during times of difficulty when good souls shine bright. The silver lining of the pandemic has been witnessing the wholehearted efforts of individuals and organisations who have stepped up to support and help the, often newly, vulnerable communities, even when faced with their own difficulties.</br></br>From food donations to education programs, the list of goodwill initiatives on the island has been heartwarming to say the least; in reality many would have suffered gravely without such community efforts.</br></br>One creative initiative changed the dynamic. Made Janur Yasa is a restaurateur, a partner in the unique vegan restaurant Moksa in Ubud. In May 2020, as Bali was in the depths of the pandemic lull, Janur began a program called Plastic for Rice, a barter system that encouraged locals to trade in collected plastic for rice. In an interview with NOW! Bali when the program started, he says that he remembered how villagers used to barter in the early days, rice for sea salt, farm to sea. He said that this gave people spirit, making sure that people don’t get used to receiving without working.</br></br>Through this plastic for rice system, Janur provided a double solution: cleaning littered plastic in the environment; as well as providing much-needed sustenance to those in need, especially in rural areas.</br></br>The program started in Banjar Jangkahan and Banjar Penulisan, Batuaji Village, Tabanan, the regency where Janur comes from. It was set up as prototype, a system to be replicated in other villages… and it was.</br></br>Three months later, Plastic for Rice became Plastic Exchange. In that time, as reported in August 2020, the movement had spread to 44 banjars and 1,345 households.</br></br>But beyond that it had evolved beyond a simple ‘system’, and became a movement. It was adopted by other charitable organisations as a solution to provide food fairly in rural communities; it became a vehicle for environmental education, to teach the effects of plastic but also the value of waste. It has allowed people to feel empowered, useful, independent. It has seen new leaders being born.</br></br>Today, Plastic Exchange is found in over 200 villages across Bali, has collected 50.000+ kg of plastic and distributed 55.000+ kg of rice."astic and distributed 55.000+ kg of rice.")
  • Louis Nagelkerke  + ("Indonesia, and Bali in particular, has lo"Indonesia, and Bali in particular, has lots of beauty to offer. Louis Nagelkerke is not only fascinated by the beauty of the people, but also by all the wonderful things religion has brought the country, such as temples and buddha statues. During his many journeys through Indonesia, Louis noticed that it is a very rich country in many ways. Louis believes that this has a lot to do with the fact that the Indonesian people are proud of their country. When Louis travels through Bali to take pictures for his paintings, the local people enjoy that. Meanwhile, it is not special for them. They live with all that beauty, their rich culture, and traditions every day. They are used to it. When Louis paints Balinese people, he tries to show them how beautiful and rich their culture is, how beautiful they are themselves. For Louis personal[ly], it is important that he, while photographing and painting the people, can make a part of their personality his own. It is a search for beauty, mysticism, culture, folklore, very much related to daily life; the folklore our modern western society lost over the years.</br></br>Born February 3, 1949, in Eindhoven</br>Education in ceramics, window dressing, drawings, and paintings</br>Well known since the '80s through many exact portraits</br></br>His paintings are unique through the expression of mysticism and sphere. His inspirations Louis Nagelkerke finds almost through his vivid relation to the eastern culture and people. Musicians and dancers, especially from the wonderful island Bali. Besides that, his paintings are also influenced through the theatre.</br>Louis is an outstanding artist and always open-minded to new ideas.rtist and always open-minded to new ideas.)
  • Ajak Wisatawan Domestik, Bali Kembali Bangkit dari Pandemi Covid-19  + ("Invite a Domestic Tourists, Bali Rises fr"Invite a Domestic Tourists, Bali Rises from the Covid-19 Pandemic"</br></br>None of the Balinese people (including business people, investors, and the government) thought that they would be in a difficult situation of the COVID-19 pandemic. Bali, which usually doesn't stop bringing in rupiah coffers to support its people's economy, is now deserted.</br></br>A few months after the COVID-19 pandemic began to subside, there was a lot of buzz in the social media about the hashtag #WorkFromBali. Bali, as the most popular tourist attraction in Indonesia, is slowly starting to rise from the slump of the COVID-19 pandemic.</br></br>Most Indonesian people consider Bali as an elite tourist destination, because the majority of visitors are foreign tourists. Not infrequently Indonesian people also think that the price of admission to tourism and the price of food at the place to eat is also high (by the standards of foreign tourists).</br></br>Seeing the situation of the COVID-19 pandemic which is still uncertain, it is better for the Bali government to start moving to carry out "Rebranding Bali" for domestic tourists. Because they are considered the safest and most sustainable, to keep the economy in Bali alive and spinning.</br></br>There are several ways that the Balinese government can do to invite local and domestic tourists to visit Bali:</br>1. Ensure that Bali is a safe place during the Covid-19 pandemic, by showing that all frontline Bali tourism has been vaccinated and maintaining proper health protocols;</br>2. Invite influencers to advertise Bali. The hashtag #WorkFromBali seems to be very good and powerful to be echoed again;</br>3. Recalculate the highest price specifically for local and domestic tourists, such as the price of tourist entrance tickets, lodging prices, food prices, and so on, by adjusting the socio-economic conditions of the Indonesian people.</br>4. Provide understanding and training for the frontline Bali tourism, to treat local and domestic tourists in the same way as treating foreign tourists.</br></br>Hopefully Bali's economy will get better. Hopefully Bali's economy will get better.)
  • John Darling  + ("John Darling moved to Bali in 1969 and de"John Darling moved to Bali in 1969 and developed a rapport with its people and an affinity for their way of life. Of particular interest was their religious traditions and the changes to the Balinese society and economy that occurred as a result of the influx of tourists.</br></br>Australian documentary filmmaker John Darling standing next to camera on tripod in a jungle area in Bali John Darling during filming of Lempad of Bali (1978). Courtesy Sara Darling. Photographer unknown. NFSA title: 1586432 </br></br>His first documentary, Lempad of Bali (1978) which he co-directed with Lorne Blair, explores the life and work of 116-year-old artist I Gusti Nyoman Lempad and his subsequent funeral, detailing the complex, Balinese funerary customs. This production won the Documentary Award at the Asian Film Festival in 1980.</br></br>Darling’s subsequent films formed his Bali Triptych (1987) series. Each hour-long episode – Between the Mountain and the Sea, The Path of the Soul and Demons and Deities – presents in vivid detail the history, culture and way of life of the Balinese people.</br></br>Darling worked with other filmmakers, including John Moyle for Bali Hash (1989), which juxtaposed the raucous nature of the Hash House Harriers gathering of international tourists and the peaceful Balinese ceremonies occurring at the same time."</br></br>Full article at https://www.nfsa.gov.au/latest/john-darling-bali-documentary-filmmaker</br></br>See also:</br>My Friend, John Darling by Rio Helmi. Ubud Now & Then, June 26, 2013. http://ubudnowandthen.com/my-friend-john-darling/</br></br>My Favorite Redhead: John Darling by Made Wijaya. Ubud Now & Then, July 3, 2013. http://ubudnow.webhost66.com/my-favourite-redhead-john-darling/w.webhost66.com/my-favourite-redhead-john-darling/)
  • BALI DAKI NAPI BALI MEWALI?  + ("OM SWASTYASTU" "OM AWIGHNAM ASTU NAMO SID"OM SWASTYASTU"</br>"OM AWIGHNAM ASTU NAMO SIDHAM"</br>"OM ANO BADRAH KRATAWO YANTU WISWATAH"</br>I would like to express my thanks to the presenter, for the time given to me, the honorable ladies and gentlemen of the jury and prospective members of the Bali Province DPD, as well as my fellow participants, whom I am proud of. Before that, let us pray to the presence of Almighty God. Thanks to Him, we can gather here with happiness at the Bali Public Participation Wikithon with orations, which carries the theme, Election 2024: what are the most urgent problems to be addressed by Bali's prospective leaders ? Hopefully events like this can be held frequently to develop a threatening Bali.</br></br>Happy guests, as we know, Bali is known as the island of a thousand temples with its very beautiful environment, which is often visited by foreign tourists, because Bali is one of the focuses of tourism in Indonesia. This is what drives many foreign tourists to come to Bali. Even though Bali is a tourist destination, this is not the main topic of discussion, but there are problems that have a significant impact on Bali. As we know, this so-called era of destruction, if we talk about the problems in Bali, will cause Bali to collapse. Unfortunately, the problems in Bali have not received treatment that is useful for the island of Bali.</br></br>Happy guests, if you look at life now it is certainly different from previous life, especially with the problems, the most important problem is related to the environment and land of the island of Bali which has been built up and used as a tourist attraction, this is what will make the island of Bali In terms of land and environment, it will become increasingly narrow, if all the land and environment in Bali is made into a tourist attraction, where will we (humans), animals and others live and live our daily lives? Talking about the land environment that has been converted into a tourist spot, of course there are many daily activities carried out to produce plastic waste for society, this is what will become Bali's next problem. The existence of rubbish in Bali is very sad and gets very little attention, this is what creates big dangers, for example: floods, dengue fever and others. Moreover, as has recently been reported, the rubbish bins or Suwung landfills in Bali are very full and cause fires, giving rise to smoke pollution which causes disease. Are we all willing to live and do activities in dirty places? Of course, many of you are reluctant to live in a dirty place. </br></br>Happy attendees, if I conclude it is related to the problems in Bali, so that Balinese leaders can provide solutions related to problems: the transfer of land or the environment to become tourist attractions and the rampant waste which has not received special attention from the government. Based on these problems, if we don't work together from now on as the front guard, it is certain that the island of Bali will gradually collapse. The island of Bali, which has been nicknamed a thousand temples, will lose its sanctity. Based on these problems, my hope is that the elected leader of Bali 2024 will be able to find a solution so that the Balinese people can implement the noble values that exist in Bali, namely TRI HITA KARANA, because these problems are related. with the TRI HITA KARANA value, so that Bali can return to the way it was before.</br></br>Happy guests, that is the speech I can deliver, I hope you all are aware of the current condition of Bali.re aware of the current condition of Bali.)
  • "Urati ring Luu Plastik Mangda Palemahan Asri"  + ("Om swastiastu" To the presenter, thank y"Om swastiastu"</br></br>To the presenter, thank you for the time given to me. The judges whom I respect, the audience whom I am proud of and the participants in the Balinese oration competition whom I love, there is the title of my work "Caring about Plastic Waste for a Clean Environment". I thank God Almighty or Ida Sanghyang Widhi Wasa for being able to gather in good health today.</br></br>Earth there are currently many problems with plastic waste which can cause great harm to the earth. Ladies and gentlemen, plastic waste is a big danger if we don't pay attention to the surrounding environment and can cause disaster in the future.</br></br>Then who will remember? Not just ourselves, all of us, both students, teenagers and parents, everyone living on earth, including Bali, which is famous for its natural beauty, should care about the existence of plastic waste. This is a behavior that includes teenagers as the main actors.</br></br>Remember, the job of teenagers is not only to decorate and take selfies in beautiful places, but no one pays attention to the rubbish in front of them, which causes disasters such as landslides, floods, pollution and others.</br></br>So that we are not exposed to danger, we should throw rubbish in the trash, we should not throw rubbish in the surrounding environment such as rivers, roads, sewers, etc. Come on, let's not throw rubbish carelessly so that the surrounding environment remains beautiful and sustainable! We should work together with the government and all communities to create a clean environment free from plastic waste.</br></br>"Om Santhi,Santhi,Santhi Om"astic waste. "Om Santhi,Santhi,Santhi Om")
  • Anais Nin  + ("One of the first female writers of erotic"One of the first female writers of erotica, Anaïs Nin is perhaps most famous for her soul-penetrating diaries, her bohemian love affair with writer Henry Miller and an incestuous relationship with her father at the advice of her psychologist. She was also heavily involved in the psychoanalyst scene, and was interested in integrating and harmonising the self through the process of writing. Therefore it is no surprise that she idealised the idyllic island of Bali—a quiet refuge in which man lived in harmony with his universe....</br></br>In 1955, Anaïs first took LSD under the guidance of Aldous Huxley and wrote a beautifully evocative description of her visions and subconscious landscape which included images of Javanese temples, Balinese music, symbolic dance gestures before finally finishing with the conclusion, “Ah, I cannot capture the secret of life with WORDS.” She was beginning to reveal what her soul desired deep down—for Anaïs, utopia was a state of mind in which the artist had access to the world of dreams. Perhaps this is why she fell in love with the mysticism and art of Bali. In her final journal (volume 7 of her diaries) she finished with a reflection on her trip to this island, complete with magical descriptions of sacred cremations, opulent gardens, temple dances, Wayang shadow puppets, natural-material bungalows used as hotels, the haunting music, and the sophisticated and gentle ways of the Balinese people."d and gentle ways of the Balinese people.")
  • Caesilia Nina Yanuariani  + ("Reina Caesilia" was the pen name given to"Reina Caesilia" was the pen name given to Caesilia Nina Yanuariani by Umbu Landu Paranggi. This reclusive poet was born in Surakarta on January 29, 1965. She grew up in Singaraja, Bali and attended school at SMAN 1 in Singaraja and then studied in the Faculty of Literature at Udayana University. She worked as a journalist with both Bali Post and Nusa. She wrote poetry since she was a teenager and has been published in the Bali Post, and her poetry has been included in a number of anthologies, such as, Pedas Lada Pasir Kuarsa (2009), Dendang Denpasar Nyiur Sanur (2012), Negeri Poci 6: Laut Negeri (2015), Klungkung: Tanah Tua, Tanah Cinta (2016), and Saron (2018). Her poem entitled "Women Who Become Sailors" was nominated for an award in the national poetry writing competition held by the Leon Agusta Institute in 2014. She went into a coma after falling off her motorcycle and died on April 2, 2019 due to a severe cerebral haemorrhage.2019 due to a severe cerebral haemorrhage.)
  • Generazi Z Menuju Bangkit  + ("Rising from the Ballad of Silence" Curre"Rising from the Ballad of Silence"</br></br>Currently, we are not just gathered as individuals but as part of a generation, a generation that plays a significant role in shaping our future, Generation Z.</br></br>Rise, oh Generation Z, from the ballad of silence that often silences our voices. In the dynamics of social and political complexity, we are called not to be passive spectators but active participants. This is a call to assert our identity, express opinions, and advocate for social justice values.</br></br>For too long, we have been trapped in silence, feeling restrained by norms that may not always align with our aspirations. It's time to understand that our right to speak and express opinions is unquestionable. Rise above the fear, fear of conflict, or rejection. Now is the time to transform silence into constructive rebellion.</br></br>Let's stop the apathetic attitude and allow social and political issues to grow without genuine responses. Remember, the policies and decisions made by the generations before us will shape the world we inherit. Don't let those above us determine our path without scrutiny from below.</br></br>I invite us all to embrace differences, to listen without prejudice, and to speak with integrity. We are voices capable of shaking the foundations of inequality and injustice. In openness and courage, let's together create the change we envision.</br></br>Be pioneers of change, Generation Z. Rise from the ballad of silence, speak up, and show the world that we are change agents capable of bringing social and political justice. Thank you.g social and political justice. Thank you.)
  • Robert Lemelson  + ("Robert Lemelson is a cultural anthropolog"Robert Lemelson is a cultural anthropologist, ethnographie filmmaker and philanthropist. Lemelson received his M.A. from the University of Chicago and Ph.D. from the Department of Anthropology at the University of California Los Angeles. Lemelson’s area of specialty is transcultural psychiatry; Southeast Asian Studies, particularly Indonesia; and psychological and medical anthropology. Lemelson currently is a research anthropologist in the Semel Institute of Neuroscience UCLA, an adjunct professor of Anthropology at UCLA, and a visiting professor at USC. His scholarly work has appeared in numerous journals and books. Lemelson founded Elemental Productions in 2007, a documentary film company. He has directed and produced over a dozen ethnographic films related to culture, psychology and personal experience. He is also the founder and president of the Foundation for Psychocultural Research, which supports research and training in the social and neurosciences."training in the social and neurosciences.")
  • I Made Nanda Adi Saputera  + ("Small but full", is the appropriate expre"Small but full", is the appropriate expression to introduce a student of SMP Negeri 1 Selemadeg who comes from the foot of the mountain. I Made Adi Saputera, who is familiarly called Nanda, was born in Mendek, October 8, 2004. </br></br>This class VIII B student likes to organize. He is included in the OSIS board for the 2017-2018 term and has just been inaugurated as the OSIS board for the 2018-2019 term. As a student council administrator, he has never reneged in carrying out his obligations. Apart from that, Nanda also participates in extracurricular Nyastra Bali. He also has hobbies of football and drawing. The second child of Ida Ayu Komang Yunika with I Wayan Merdana from Banjar Mendek, Wanagiri Kauh Village, Selemadeg Tabanan District, is very fond of studying literature, especially writing Balinese script. </br></br>According to Nanda, writing Balinese script is an art based on feelings. He taught himself this hobby. His teacher noticed his aptitude and provided guidance to participate in competitions. When he was in elementary school, he won first place in the Balinese script writing competition at the Selemadeg district level in 2017 and first place in the Balinese script writing competition at the Tabanan level in the framework of Porsenijar 2017.</br></br>When he was in junior high school, he started by learning to write Balinese script in lontar. Thanks to his perseverance in learning, he won 1st place in writing Balinese script at the Tabanan regency level papyrus at Porsenijar in 2018, the 1st place writing the Tabanan regency invitation lontar at the Balipost Goes to School event in 2018 and at the Tabanan district ambassador at the Balinese script writing competition at Bali Arts Festival (PKB) in 2018. </br></br>Like other smart students, after graduating from SMP Nanda intends to continue his education at SMA Negeri 1 Tabanan. He also wants to continue his education at top universities such as the University of Indonesia (UI) or the Bandung Institute of Technology (ITB). This 14-year-old student who has dreams of becoming a painter said that his achievements are inseparable from the motivation of his parents and teachers. He emphasized that every child has the right to learn, regardless of who, from where, and wherever they go to school. In essence, EDUCATION IS A RIGHT, BUSINESS IS A RESPONSIBILITY. IS A RIGHT, BUSINESS IS A RESPONSIBILITY.)
  • Duo Saraswati  + ('Music is making connection' Duo Saraswati'Music is making connection'</br>Duo Saraswati is a cello-piano duo consisting of brothers Jan and Kris van der Plas. Whilst they both grew up and had their education in The Netherlands, they make the connection between traditional Indonesian music and the classical</br>music from Europe through their Balinese background. They performed in the Concertgebouw during a live radio performance and in April 2023 they will go on tour to Indonesia and perform in Jakarta, Medan, Surabaya and Denpasar.</br>Equality through difference</br>In a world that tends to think more in contrasts, the duo embraces their differences because that is what defines them. The combination of two cultures is a way for them to bring people from various cultures together.</br>Indonesia and The Netherlands united</br>The repertoire of Duo Saraswati is varied and always tries to find connection between European and Indonesian music. Examples of this is gamelan music composed by Colin McPhee played on cello and piano, and bringing together songs of Mochtar Embut and the Sonata of Francis Poulenc.</br>Jan van der Plas (1997) was a guest player at the Amsterdam Sinfonietta and during his studies he performed multiple contemporary works. Young composers are eager to work together with Jan. He studied at the Conservatorium van Amsterdam with Gideon den Herder and Jelena Očić, with whom he graduated his master's in 2021. Jan plays a cello made in 1967, built by Jaap Bolink, made available by the National Instrument Fund.</br></br>Kris van der Plas (2002) is a young pianist with a strong motivation to make chamber music. In 2020 he was the first prizewinner of the regional final of the Princess Christina Concours in which he also became national finalist.</br>Kris is regularly asked to play by singers and instrumentalist because of his flexibility and broad knowledge of the repertoire.</br>Currently Kris is studying with Frank Peters at the Conservatorium van Amsterdam.eters at the Conservatorium van Amsterdam.)
  • Fitri Amalia Rhamadani  + (.Rhamadani completed her undergraduate studies in the Travel Industry study program, Faculty of Tourism, Udayana University. Currently, Rhamadani works as a marketer at a tourism services company in line with her previous experience.)
  • Arie Smit  + (15 April 1916 – 23 March 2016. Dutch-born15 April 1916 – 23 March 2016. Dutch-born Indonesian painter who lived on Bali.</br></br>Smit was the third of eight children of a trader in cheese and confectionery in Zaandam. His family moved in 1924 to Rotterdam, where Smit eventually studied graphic design at the Academy of Arts. In his youth he was most inspired by the work of three artists named Paul (Signac, Gauguin and Cézanne). In 1938 he joined the Royal Netherlands East Indies Army. After three months he was sent to the Dutch East Indies , where he worked as a lithographer for the Dutch army's Topographical Service in Batavia, engraving relief maps of the archipelago. Etching Balinese mountains onto maps ignited his desire to one day go to Bali.</br></br>In early 1942 Smit was transferred to the infantry in East Java, but was soon captured by the invading Japanese forces. He spent three and a half years in forced labor camps building roads, bridges, and railways on the Burma Railway in Thailand, and Burma. After the Japanese capitulation in August 1945, Smit convalesced in Bangkok until January 1946. After being stationed in Denpasar, Bali as a staff writer for the infantry, he returned to the Topographical Service in Batavia in September. Until its discontinuation in 1950, he remained employed at this service, eventually becoming head of the drawing department, but in his spare time he criss-crossed Java as a painter and in October 1948 had his first exhibition in Batavia/Jakarta.[5] After Indonesian Independence on December 27, 1949, all Dutch nationals had to choose between Dutch or Indonesian citizenship within two years. Smit briefly considered emigrating to South Africa, but decided to stay; he became an Indonesian citizen late in 1951. In the following years he taught graphics and lithography at the Institut Teknologi Bandung in West Java.</br></br>Bali</br>On invitation by the Dutch artist Rudolf Bonnet he visited Bali in 1956, together with Dutch artist Auke Sonnega. He soon met art dealer James (Jimmy) Clarence Pandy, who ran a gallery and souvenir shop. Pandy invited Smit to stay in a house on stilts at the beach of Sanur. Smit and Pandy remained friends and formed a partnership. Pandy was well-connected; Sukarno would sometimes bring his state guests to his gallery. With his love for bright colors, Smit was captured by the Balinese landscapes in its 'riotous light', and soon decided to stay to depict its villages, rice terraces, palm trees and temples.</br></br>In 1960, while touring the village of Penestanan in the Ubud District where he then lived, he came upon some boys drawing in the sand. Impressed by their talent, Smit invited them to his studio, where they became the first of a growing number of students. With minimal instruction but lots of encouragement and material support, his pupils created a naive style of genre painting that became known as the 'Young Artists' style, which at its peak had 300-400 followers. Though he is considered the father of the movement, its style is quite different than any of Smit's own styles over the years.</br></br>From the time of his arrival in Bali, Smit moved some 40 times, "to see what is beyond the next hill". He stayed longest in his favorite areas of Karangasem and Buleleng. He finally settled in 1992 in the village of Sanggingan near Ubud under the patronage of Pande Wayan Suteja Neka, founder of the Neka Art Museum. In recognition for his role in the development of painting on the island, Smit received the Dharma Kusama (Flower of Devotion, a Balinese cultural award) in 1992 from the government of Bali. The Arie Smit Pavilion was opened at the Neka Art Museum in 1994 to display his works and those of contemporary Balinese artists. The Museum Bali in Denpasar and the Penang Museum in Malaysia also have collections of his work. Smit further had exhibits in Jakarta, Singapore, Honolulu and Tokyo. Smit lived near Ubud for the rest of his life, but died on 23 March 2016 in a hospital Denpasar at three weeks before turning 100.enpasar at three weeks before turning 100.)
  • Roelof Goris  + (1898 – 1965 Curriculum vitae 1898 born in1898 – 1965</br></br>Curriculum vitae</br>1898 born in Krommenie (North-Holland) on June 9</br>1917 final examinations gymnasium (A and B)</br>1917-1918 military service</br>1918-1926 studied Indonesian languages (linguistic officer), Leiden University; Arabic (Snouck Hurgronje), Sanskrit, Javanese and Old Javanese (Vogel and Hazeu), Hindu-Javanese history (Krom), and general linguistics (C. C. Uhlenbeck); amongst his older fellow students were W. F. Stutterheim and P. V. van Stein Callenfels</br>1926 PhD under the supervision of N.J. Krom, Leiden University</br>1926 officer for the study of Indonesian languages at the Archaeological Service, charged with the checking of transliterations of Old Javanese inscriptions</br>1928-1939 adjunct archaeologist of the Archaeological Service in Bali</br>1939-1941 librarian to Mangkunegoro VII, Surakarta (Central Java)</br>1941-1945 service in the Royal Netherlands-Indies Army; civilian internee</br>1946 on leave in the Netherlands</br>1947-1958 linguistic officer of the Netherlands-Indies and later Indonesian Government, head of the Singaradja division of the Institute for Linguistic and Cultural Research of the University of Indonesia</br>1958 retirement</br>1959 librarian of the Faculty of Letters of Udayana University, Denpasar (South Bali)</br>1962 research-professor, teaching Balinese epigraphy and early history</br>1965 died in Denpasar on October 4</br>Special activities and positions</br>Scientific adviser of the Kirtya (Foundation) Liefrinck-van der Tuuk (set up in 1928), 1932-</br>Co-worker at the Bali Museum</br>Teacher at a secondary school and a training-college for teachers (S.M.A. and S.G.A.)</br>Teacher of German, 1951S.M.A. and S.G.A.) Teacher of German, 1951)
  • Ida Bagus Ketut Diding  + (1911/1914 - 1990. Batuaninteractive.com: "1911/1914 - 1990.</br>Batuaninteractive.com:</br>"About twenty-two years old at the time of making the pictures in the collection, Diding probably had been painting since 1935. His teacher was Ngendon, and he in turn taught Bala. He met Spies and Bonnet, watched them work, and brought them work for their</br>ciriticism. He was a member of the group they founded, Pita Maha. One of the Western artists suggested that he make a picture like Djatasoera's of the ende ritual in Karangasem.</br>Diding had not been to school but could speak a little Malay. He played in a gamelan orchestra and danced in the gambuh, and was</br>the only artist interviewed who said that he had been possessed and gone into trance. His father was dead, and he had no land to work.He and his wife supported themselves by painting, raising chickens, and dyeing cloth.</br>They had no children. Sixteen pictures by Diding are in the collection."pictures by Diding are in the collection.")
  • Anak Agung Made Djelantik  + (1919-2007 A prince from Karangasam who stu1919-2007</br>A prince from Karangasam who studied in Holland during the Second World War and returned to Indonesia as a medical doctor. Later upon his return to Indonesia he was sent to different parts of Eastern Indonesia that were frequently quite isolated to help the people there. In the course of these postings both he and his wife contracted malaria but he also became a specialist in the treatment of malaria. This proved to be extremely useful when Dr Djelantik worked for the World Health Organization which sent him to Iraq, Somalia and Afghanistan. Later he became the head of Bali’s main teacher’s training college in Sanglah and helped to found the Medical Faculty which he later also headed at the University of Udayanan in Denpasar.</br></br></br>Dr Djelantik playing the violin as a young boy. (photo: Bulantrisna Djelantik)</br>Dr Djelantik was a Renaissance man who was also active in the field of Balinese culture, both studying and promoting it. He was head of the Walter Spies Society with its Walter Spies Festival which focused on music and dance. Together with Fredrik de Boer, Hildred Geertz, and Heidi Hinzler he established the Society for Balinese Studies or Lembaga Penkajian Kebudayaan Bali in 1985. It held annual conferences in Bali and also abroad and according to Adrian Vickers Dr Djelantik was the natural leader of the organization. Via the organization he promoted both Balinese culture as well as the study of it. Dr Djelantik wrote papers on Balinese culture and a book on Balinese paintings which covers Balinese art history as well as Balinese aesthetics. Later he taught Aesthetics at the Akademi Seni Rupa Bali or the Balinese Academy of Arts. He also wrote an autobiography called “The Birthmark, Memoirs of a Balinese Prince”. Birthmark, Memoirs of a Balinese Prince”.)
  • A.A. Raka Sidan  + (A A. Raka Sidan's real name is A.A. Gede RA A. Raka Sidan's real name is A.A. Gede Raka Partana. He is a songwriter and Balinese pop singer who was born June 27, 1979. He studied at UNHI Denpasar and produced a number of albums, including "Suud Memotoh" (2005), "At-Pada Ngalih Makan" (2007), "Pak Boss" (2009), "Song Brerong" (2012), "Kenceng" (2015). The songs contain a lot of moral messages and social criticism wrapped in humorous nuances.ial criticism wrapped in humorous nuances.)
  • Ida Bagus Putra Adnyana  + (A Balinese from a Brahmana priestly familyA Balinese from a Brahmana priestly family, I. B. Adnyana is considered a first-rate classicist. Born in 1958 in Denpasar, he grew up attending Balinese rituals and brings an insider’s knowledge to his subjects. As is evident in his images, he has been given special unimpeded access and privileged positions and angles. It’s highly unlikely that a Western photographer would ever be allowed to enter sacred inner courtyards and get this close to a venerable high priest.</br>His subjects appear at ease and revealing of their inner emotions. It is as if his subjects are family members relaxed in the presence of another Balinese. He always seems to be in the right place at the right time to photograph with the greatest possible empathy and intimacy. Amidst all the confusion, he knows what is going on and is able to anticipate what is going to happen next. While other photographers are fiddling with their camera settings, he is ready to record the climax, the significant gesture or the moment when the trance state takes hold.e moment when the trance state takes hold.)
  • Josiah Alexander Sila  + (A funny thing happened to Joey Alexander oA funny thing happened to Joey Alexander over the past five years, a whirlwind period during which he became the most brilliantly precocious talent in jazz history—that is, a renowned festival and concert-hall headliner; the youngest musician ever nominated for a Grammy Award in a jazz category; and a media favorite who’s earned a profile on 60 Minutes, a front-page profile in the New York Times and other premier coverage.</br></br>"As heard on WARNA, his new major-label Verve Records debut, he’s simply become one of the most expressive and thrilling pianist-composers currently at work in jazz. Alexander’s precocity can still stun concertgoers, but his music, including original work and personalized interpretations of great songs, has now taken its rightful place in the spotlight.</br></br>Translating as “color” from Alexander’s native language of Bahasa, WARNA follows four Motéma Music albums that garnered the pianist three Grammy nominations and such honors as historic critics’ and readers’ poll victories in DownBeat and JazzTimes. But whereas those recordings were documents of an extraordinary young musician in development, WARNA is primarily a collection of reflective, moving new music by an experienced, confident bandleader...."</br></br>Please see more at https://joeyalexandermusic.net/about/. at https://joeyalexandermusic.net/about/.)
  • I Made Wahyu Senayadi  + (A graduate in Fine Arts from the IndonesiaA graduate in Fine Arts from the Indonesian Art Institute (ISI) Denpasar, Senayadi has exhibited two and three-dimensional works in exhibitions, including two solo shows, throughout Bali and Java since 2005. He represents a new wave of Balinese artists dedicated to innovating within the contemporary format experimenting with conventional and non-conventional media. “I am very grateful for having my work recognised in the UOB Painting of the Year Awards,” said Senayadi, born in 1985 in Marga, Tabanan, Central Bali. “Through this award, I trust it will help provide a bridge to the goals that I want to achieve in my career.”</br></br>Despite his visual challenges during the past five years, Senayadi has excelled in his artistic pursuits. In 2018 he was recognised as one of Nine Finalists in the TiTian Prize, a biannual art award presented by Yayasan TiTian Bali (Bali Art Foundation) recognising Balinese talent innovation within the visual arts. In 2019 Senayadi distinguished himself with eye-catching and ingenious works made from natural coconut fibres, ‘Menanti Keberuntung/Longing #1’ and ‘Buta Bongol/Deaf Monster’ during ‘Mahardika’, a group exhibition at TiTian Art Space in Ubud.up exhibition at TiTian Art Space in Ubud.)
  • I Gusti Agung Wijaya Utama  + (A photography graduate from the IndonesianA photography graduate from the Indonesian Art Institute (ISI), Denpasar.</br></br>Balinese photographer I Gusti Agung Wijaya Utama S. Sn has a unique vision to raise awareness of the past through distinct, eye-catching fine art and reconstruction portrait photographs. Gung Ama, as he is known, does not use digital technology, but a process from the past; the Afghan Box Camera. As the name suggests, the camera is linked with Afghanistan, being first used in villages by travelling photographers before there were any photography studios.</br></br>“Digital technology and the modern mindset desiring immediate outcomes and satisfaction are impacting upon the art of photography and contributing to the erosion of traditional Balinese values,” said Gung Ama, born in Batubulan Gianyar in 1988, whose interest is photography began in 2006. “Nowadays, smartphones equipped with sophisticated cameras are affordable and an essential modern icon and tool. Moreover, social media and selfies dramatically impact lifestyles and alter our concept of identity. By recreating the nostalgia and curiosity of old Bali through manual, handmade photos, my objective is to reignite cultural memory while inspiring awareness and discussion among all the generations.”</br></br>“My photography reflects the growing sentiment within the Balinese seeking a return to the wisdom of the past,” Gung Ama said. “In the face of modernity and the homogenisation of cultures, I believe it is important to celebrate and embrace cultural icons to help reinforce our identity. In addition, it’s essential to be reminded of our forefather’s messages, culture lost and the wisdom of the past.”</br></br>Article by Richard Horstmanof the past.” Article by Richard Horstman)