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-TARU PRAMANA (1):
-The Balinese Pharmacopoeia
-by
-Dr. Wolfgang Weck
-TRANSLATED FROM THE GERMAN ORIGINAL
-by Thomas Reuter
-In the usadas (2) which are found on the island of Bali countless prescriptions are
-mentioned for the treatment of all kinds of illness. In their compositions plants naturally
-take a prominent role. However, were one to expect that, out of their frequent mention,
-conclusions can be drawn about the specific uses of certain plants, one would soon
-realize that a whole number of them are in fact used simultaneously to treat entirely
-different symptoms. It is not even uncommon to find that plants with opposite effects are
-mixed together in the same prescriptions.
-Such contradictions could lead one to reject the entire Balinese collection of
-prescriptions as meaningless or not worth considering; a conclusion which one indeed
-finds in the European literature. However, in reading the Usadas, one must not forget that
-prescriptions contained therein are not homogeneous but that they reflect the opinions of
-particular balians (3) (dukuns) and the different teachings about the meaning of medicines
-) Taru = plant, pramana = power, life force.
-) From the Sanskrit word "osadhi" medicinal herbs: medicinal lontars (texts on dried palm leaf strips),
-which contain descriptions of illnesses or merely the names of illnesses or their symptoms, together with
-the remedy in the form of a prescription.
-) Balinese doctors and healers.
-which they represent. Namely, while there are healers who attribute an effect to each of
-the individual constituents of their recipes, others see them merely as vehicles for the
-conveyance of magical forces. (4) It is not necessarily the case that the consistent use of
-the same plants, or of plants from a limited selection, for this latter purpose is an
-unnecessary step. One can imagine that for the transportation of particular forces,
-corresponding carrying mediums are also required. One should consider in this context
-the doctrine of transmigration and signature.
-Since these healing mediums or medicinal plants are listed in the usadas
-irrespective of the viewpoints of the different balians from whom they originate, a
-colourful jumble is created. Proper medicines are found next to magical ones or next to
-magical incantations and other mystical things. In order to extract out of the recipes of the
-usadas the healing effects that are attributed to particular plants in Balinese opinion, one
-would first have to order them according to the above criteria. What I have been trying to
-illustrate is that one cannot simply regard these recipes in their totality as a Balinese
-Pharmacopoeia. This has been a common mistake.
-There is, apart from the usadas, another lontar text which well deserves the label
-of "Pharmacopoeia" since it lists medicinal plants together with a description of their
-characteristics, properties and applications. This text is meant for the use of such balians
-who assume that there are specific healing powers in a number of plants. The text names
-these properties and mentions at the same time, as an example of their application, a
-disease or a group of symptoms against which the plant material can be applied in a
-particular way. This text is named "Taru Pramana" or "Pramana ning Taru", that is, `the
-life force of plants'. This lontar is considerably more difficult to obtain than other lontars
-) Apart from this, a number of balians are fundamentally opposed to the usage of medicines of any form
-and apply only holy water [lit.: `water that has been spoken upon'] (as the medium of magical forces) or
-magical formulae. For more details see Weck, Heilkunde und Volkstum in Bali, 1937).
-in Bali since it does not enjoy as wide a distribution as the usadas and is only in few
-hands. Insofar as we understand the handling of medical lontars among Balinese, such a
-precious possession is much more jealously guarded and is not readily accessible to the
-general public.
-One edition of the entire treatise, after a brief introduction, lets the medicinal
-plants appear as speaking entities in front of a learned ascetic and the gods in order to
-speak themselves about their effects. In the other editions (5) two parts can be
-distinguished: general theoretical reflections and a list of individual plants with their
-respective descriptions. the general part develops as a support a philosophical system
-which can be traced back to the Indian Veda, and which has had an effect on the current
-opinions of different groups of healers in Bali. One of these text expresses itself as
-follows (6): "Out of the rays of the sun emerge those plants which form branches, from the
-rays of the moon emerge those which form creepers (7), from the rays of the stars, those
-) I have had before me five different editions of the same texts, or parts thereof, under the same title. Two
-of them I owe to the Kirtya Liefrink Van der Tuuk lontar collection in Singaraja. The list of medicinal
-plants at the end of the document appears to be a compilation from two lontars since several names have
-been mentioned twice.
-) It is difficult to draw quotation from Balinese lontars without detailed explanations since almost every
-line contains expressions which may be familiar to the Balinese and the initiate and which evoke in front of
-his mental eye a wealth of different associations and symbols. The latter must be explained to the outsider
-by many detours. The above text begins by mentioning that " the origin of plants can be traced back to
-snatryo". This (Kawi) term is interpreted there as a combination of "sna" = to originate from, "tri" = three
-and "yo" = sunya = emptiness / void, oneness. (Elsewhere "sna" means `shine', "ya" means `to originate
-from', whereby one could also arrive at a plausible explanation.) The text continues to explain that the
-trinity ("tri") refers to the syllables A-U-Ma, whereby the A represent the sun, U the moon, and Ma the
-stars. The three sillbles are nothing than those in OM (AUM), the sound blended holy root syllable of the
-Indians, from which the Balinese have fashioned ONG (AUNG). The symbolic character for ONG is ó and
-is refered to by the Balinese as "ULUCANDRA" (head of the Moon). It is common in all Balinese text and
-mantras (magical incantations). Written above the single vowels A-E-I-O-U, it produces a nasal tone ANGENG-
-ING-UNG and special magical power. It symbolizes apart from the trinity of sun - moon - stars
-mentioned above, all kinds of other trinities such as Brahma - Visnu - Iswara, female - male - neuter, hot -
-cold - lukewarm. The middle part of the symbol has particular significance as a symbol of the unity of the
-trinity, as a circle, drop, unification of the male and female principles, as mental concentration in yoga and
-so on. It is called "Windu" which, according to Balinese exegesis, is a contraction of the Kawi words "waindu"
-= sun-moon. (Indu is also the falling drop of the sacred soma drink, symbol of the full moon.) The
-expression "Windu" will be encountered frequently in this text.
-) Amongst these are also numbered all plants with aerial roots.
-which have no branches." And further, "what comes out the sun, moon and stars,
-becomes one in the windu (6a), turns into cloud and brings forth the rain which brings life
-to all living creatures. And Sang Hyang Surya (the sun), Sang Hyang Wulan (the moon),
-Sang Hyang Lintang (the stars) together enter into each plant". So each pant unifies
-within itself all of the three elements of the trinity (sun-moon-star), even if it is associated
-in another sense with only one of them as described above. The further elaborations in the
-text show that the three qualities of plants which result from this classification are `heat',
-`coldness' and `lukewarmness'. (8) These qualities have their seat in the different parts of
-the plant. In the Taru Pramana these parts are: the juice (sap), roots, trunk (stalk), bark,
-wood (flesh), leaves, flowers and fruit.
-The criteria for determining the effect of a plant are its colours, consistency, smell
-and flavour. The most systematic classification on the basis of colour and consistency is
-given for the `juice' [Germ. `Saft'] (9) of plants. In this system the colour of the juice is
-said to depend on the influence of the sun, moon and stars which is explained as follows:
-"In all plants which have red juice, Sang Hyang Surya enters into the roots, Sang Hyang
-Wulan into the stem and Sang Hyang Lintang into the leaves. In all plants which have
-yellow juice, Sang Hyang Wulan enters into the roots, Sang Hyang Lintang into the
-trunk, Sang Hyang Surya into the leaves. In all plants which have white juice Sang
-Hyang Lintang into the roots, Sang Hyang Surya into the trunk, Sang Hyang Wulan into
-the leaves. (10) In this context nothing further is mentioned about the efficacy of plants in
-relation to the colour of their juice [or sap]. This information is supplied in the
-a) Refer to Note 6.
-) The same concept of the three functions of plants is found in many other Balinese text. The diseases also
-are divided into three such groups.
-) `Juice' generally refers to the sap or the liquid coming out of the trunk or stalk of a plant in response to an
-injury. If it refers to something other than the plant's sap, it is more precisely defined. It does not refer to
-the liquid obtained from the pressing out of particular parts of the plant.
-) I have been unable to find an explanation why in this case the colours red - black - white, and the
-corresponding gods, Brahma - Wisnu - Iswara, are not chosen as they otherwise always are.
-continuation of the text where a whole number of colours and shades, other than the
-above mentioned colours red, yellow and white, are enumerated together with their
-associated functions. No reason is given to explain why different colours have a
-particular meaning for the evaluation of the juice. However, an explanation can be
-discovered easily in the mystical associations which exist between these colours, cardinal
-direction, gods, and the already mentioned sacred root syllable `Om' (`Ong') (see Note 6).
-Numerous Balinese texts refer to these relations. According to the texts, the `Windu' (see
-Note 6), symbol of the mental concentration of the god Siwa during the creation of the
-world, radiates forth images through his yoga which become gods. Out of such
-emanations are created, one after the other, the gods Brahma, Wisnu, Iswara, and further
-Mahadewa, Rudera, Sangkara, Sambu and Mahisora, that is, eight in all. These position
-themselves at the four main cardinal points, south, north, east, west, and the four
-intermediate cardinal points, north-east, south-east, north-west, south-west, grouped
-around Siwa who thrones in the centre. To the above cardinal points and their gods
-correspond the colours red, black, white, yellow, and blue, pink, green, orange, which
-united or mixed together form the multicoloured or crystal clear centre (Siwa).
-The same eight colour varieties (or nine together with the center) are also
-perceived in plant juices by the Balinese. However, the effects which are attributed to
-them, in correspondence to this scheme, are limited to three qualities, which is only
-logical considering their origin (see note 6). These effects are `hot', `cold' and
-`lukewarm'(11): the plant juice [sap] is hot if it has a `southerly' colour, that is, red, pink or
-) Concerning deseases (compare Note 8.), more detailed distinctions of the lukewarm conditions are made.
-Namely, heat + coldeness, that is, one part of the body is hot, the other cold; the body is hot on the outside
-and cold on the inside or vice versa; the heat (in the whole body or a particular place) is enveloped in
-coldness or, vice versa, the coldness is enveloped by heat. It is remarkable in this context that the yellow
-and the red coloring of the conjunctiva of the eyes indicates heat on the inside of the body, blue or gray
-coloration indicates coldness, white or pale coloration indicates a total lack of inner warmth. With these
-conditions, it is nevertheless possible that there be external heath in certain parts of the body or the whole
-body.
-orange, it is cold if it has a `northerly' colour, that is, black, blue or green, it is lukewarm
-if it is a mixture of a warm (southerly) and a cold (northerly) colour.
-The `easterly' white and the `westerly' yellow are also, like their mixture, regarded
-as hot(12); mixed with red they are always hot, with other colours they are lukewarm. (13)
-The colour of the center is clear like water, crystal clear is cold, when it shines
-very cold.
-So much about the colours of the juice [sap]. About consistency it is said that:
-sticky thick sap is always hot; thin, stringy (slimy) sap is cold. Apart from this it is also
-said that the bark of all plants which have sticky sap is hot.
-The discussion of the other parts of a plant, such as the flowers, fruit, root, bark,
-wood or flesh, takes two forms. On the one hand, in the list of medicinal plants, they are
-labelled as hot, cold or lukewarm without further explanations. On other occasions they
-are used for the classifications of the particular plants. This takes place in a special
-chapter of the lontar text "Usada Ratu Ajhana" which has the title "Taru Pramana".
-Therein is mentioned that, in order to judge the character of the medicinal plant, one must
-pay attention to the flowers or, or in their absence to the fruits, furthermore to the odour
-and flavour of the wood (flesh). If the flowers of the plant are white, yellow or green it is
-hot; if they are red or blue it is cold, and if they are multicoloured it is lukewarm. Sweet
-or sour tasting wood or flesh identifies the plant as hot, bitter or pungent flavour as cold.
-(14)
-) The white and yellow shine of Iswara (east) and Mahadewa (west) are described as `flaming', sun rise
-and sun set.
-) There are some rare exceptions caused by the consistency or some other characteristic of the juice.
-) A strong or pungent odour, however, characterizes a plant as hot with a cooling flavour (supplementary
-oral communication).
-In this edition of the Taru Pramana a fundamentally different viewpoint is
-adopted insofar as a plant as a whole is considered to be either cold, hot or lukewarm on
-the basis of a single characteristic. The view that there are three different qualities in the
-particular parts of the same plant is based on purely philosophical speculations. However
-the present teaching takes a more magical perspective. That these two viewpoints coexist
-and are fused together in Bali is well known.
-However, since any teaching according to the Balinese should be understood cum
-grano salis, the Taru Pramana also contains a lot of complicating criteria, which may
-have been added later. These must be considered and can provide a good means of escape
-from embarrassment if it turns out that hypothesis and reality are irreconcilable. Such
-criteria are for example the season and the time of the day (15) during which the medicine
-is collected. (That a favourable day in the calender is to be chosen is taken for granted).
-So it is said that in the sixth (Balinese) month the life force of plants is distributed as
-follows: in the tip is heat, below (in the root) is coldness, in the middle (trunk, stalk) is
-lukewarmness. It is also emphasized on this occasion that in the bast, below the bark of
-tree, is coldness while further within, in the soft wood (splint), is heat. Concerning the
-leaves it is said that old leaves are hot, semi-mature leaves are lukewarm, and the young
-sprouting leaf tips are cold.
-Concerning the hour of the day one must consider that a large tree, the well know
-waringin (Ficus benjamina) is apparently chosen as an example, is cold during the time
-after sun rise during the first hour, approximately between 6.00 and 7.30 am. In the third
-hour between 9.00 and 10.30 am. the tree is cold in the south and hot in the north. In the
-fourth hour between 10.30 and noon it is completely hot. Then, after 12 p.m. it becomes
-) The Balinese divide a day, between 6am. and 6pm., into eight hours.
-cold in the east (16) until in the evening it is cold in all parts. According to the same source
-all parts of a plant are cold in the morning, in the first hour, and lukewarm in the second
-hour, hot at noon and cold in the evening or at night. It must be mentioned that this
-dependence of the temperature conditions on the daily temperature variations due to the
-position of the sun, has little to do with the mystical hypothesis about the colour of the
-juice, for example. Apart from that it must be considered that the warming of a large tree
-on the north side due to the position of the sun takes place during the larger part of the
-year, due to the somewhat southerly position of the island of Bali, but not during the
-fourth months that the sun moves to the south in Bali, during which the tree would
-therefore have to be hot in the south and cold in the north.
-Whichever version of the Taru Pramana is looked at it is made clear in each of
-them that it is essential for the balian to know whether plants substance should be
-addressed as hot, cold or lukewarm. This knowledge is important for him because all
-diseases, in his opinion, can be divided into the same categories. The fundamental
-principle is that "cold diseases" are treated with hot plants or parts of plants, hot diseases
-with cold plants, and lukewarm diseases with lukewarm plants or a mixture of hot and
-cold ones (see Note 11).
-Although this is not really part of the topic I would like to mention finally that the
-"Taru Pramana" emphasizes that there are no diseases of plants. What is meant are
-internal diseases. Destruction or damage of plant growth, crop failure due to insects or
-other parasites or through the curse of the gods, are of course known to the Balinese.
-Internal diseases cannot occur in plants because, even though they have an atma (soul)(17),
-) Added to this is the unexplained rule, that the medicine has to be obtained from the western part of the
-tree.
-) The doctrine of the migration of souls also through plants which had long been abbandoned in ancient
-India by the time of the Hindu invasion to Bali, did not reach Bali. According to the Chandogya-Upanishad
-on the Samaveda, a certain category of souls is mentioned which reach the moon after cremation through
-their atma is not accompanied by Kala and Dewa as is the atma of human beings. Dewa
-and Kala, good and evil, not only regulate the character and behaviour of a human being
-but he becomes under there rule either a "leyak" (18) and sick, or a "dukun" (see Note 3)
-and "medicine" (i.e. he remains healthy and impervious to diseases).(19)
-The effects and characteristics of particular medicinal plants, as I have already
-mentioned elsewhere (see Note 3), are explained in the following ways:
-Firstly the plants appear before Siwa and the other gods to inform them "because the
-Gods did not possess the ability to heal sick people, in which they were no match for the
-Taru Pramana and for which reason Siwa asked the plants to instruct him." Secondly,
-they step in front of the ascetic Sang Prabhu Empu Kuturan who was given the power to
-call the plants and ask them about their uses as medicines by the goddess Durga, on Siwa
-instruction, after he had performed forty-two days of ascetic practice on a burial ground.
-The same was achieved by another ascetic, younger brother of the above, Sang Prabhu
-Pungung Tiwas, who was given this boon by the god Ludera, who wrote it on his tongue.
-After the plants had been questioned their words were recorded by the nephew of
-Kuturan Sang Prabhu Narajasa, who was also well versed in the teachings and ascetics.
-The enumeration of plants below is nothing other than the protocol which was taken by
-Narajasa of their conversation with Kuturan. The monotonous repetition of the same
-words at the appearance of each new plant is only interrupted by the "Kepu" tree
-(Bombase Malabaricum) who responded to Kuturan's question: "now, Kepu, what are
-you useful for?" with the counter-question: why, oh lord, do you ask at this time for all
-the smoke (by detours). From there they return by the way they have come to the ether, from the ether into
-the wind, after they have become wind they turn into smoke and from that into fog. After they have become
-fog, they turn into a cloud and thereafter they rain downward. They are then born as rice and barley, herbs
-and trees, sesame and beans. It is difficult for them to escape this conditon except by being consumed as
-food and ejected as sperm in which case they can develop further. (Dr.P. Deussen, 60 Upanishads of the
-Veda).
-) What is peculiar of a leyak, a term perhaps best translated as `werewolf', is the inversion of all concepts
-of good and evil.
-) From the lontar text "Sang Gana Pati" among others.
-plants to appear in front of you? That I ask you.". He receives the response from the
-ascetic that he was given the power by the goddess Durga to summon all plants and ask
-them about their medicinal usage. In response to these words the Kepu tree bowed and
-spoke: "Yes, master, I myself cannot be used in any way as a medicine but I have a
-relative called Kepuh (Sterculia Foetida) who may be considered a medicine." The latter
-then appears and the questioning continues.
-Those expression which are constantly repeated I have omitted and only listed the
-Balinese names along with their botanical purpose. (20) In the same order as they are listed
-in the Taru Pramana. I would like to emphasise that this list does not contain all of the
-medicinal plants used by the Balinese.
-Some comments about Balinese expressions frequently occurring in the list and
-their translations should be made before they are listed. Where I use the term "character"
-[Wesen] in reference to a plant, it corresponds to words "daging" (high Balinese), "isi"
-(low Balinese) and "hawa" (Kawi). These terms are used in the text along side each other
-and do not indicate, in this case, anything substantial but an inner character (Mal. Arab
-"dzat"). Learned Balinese explained to me that the meaning is also equivalent to
-"pramana" or "kekwatan".
-The Balinese terms for hot, cold, and lukewarm in reference to plants are other
-than those in reference to diseases. Heat in relation to the disease is "panas" or "kebus"
-while in relation to plants one speaks of "hanget", which actually means warming.
-Coldness of the body is "nyem" (henyem) which means cold or fresh. Coldness in plants
-is called "tis" (hetis) meaning moist cold, cooling. Lukewarmness of the body is
-"sebaha", actually the body's natural temperature, lukewarmness in a plant is
-) The same difficulties are encountered here as in other areas (such as the terms for different diseases).
-The same term may denote different plants in different areas [in Bali] and the same plant is denoted by
-different terms in different areas.
-"dumalada". These terms correspond, it seems, to European instructions which also use
-the terms `cooling' and `warming'.
-The terms "uwap", "urap", and "boreh" (hodak) indicate a mixture, a kind of
-paste, ointment or grease, prepared from ground solid substances with addition of juicy,
-liquid or oily ingredients and used for smearing or rubbing onto the body or particular
-parts of the body. "Uwap" is applied to the stomach, "urap" to the throat and head, and
-"boreh" to the entire body and limbs.
-Some substances are taken regularly as a "medicine", even where there are no
-symptoms of disease. They are considered to be strengthening and prophylactic. For the
-same reason some "boreh" are also used daily.
-BALINESE NAME AND
-BOTANICAL
-IDENTIFICATION
-CHARACTERISTICS OF
-THE PLANT
-APPLICATION
-. Slagwi,
-silaguri, sidaguri.
-Sida rhombifolia
-Linn.
-Character: cooling
-Root: cooling
-As a drink for
-infants during
-the first five
-days of life.
-As `uwap' onto
-the stomach of
-infants.
-) Dapdap, dadap.
-Erythrina
-lithosperma Miq.
-Character: cooling
-Bark: cooling
-Onto the skin of
-the abdomen,
-mixed with ketumbar
-(Coriandrum
-sativum) and 11
-seeds of bebolong
-(Malaleuka
-leukadendron)
-and black salt
-(salt mixed with
-charcoal);
-against bloated
-stomach.
-. Kelor
-Moringa oleifera
-Lamk.
-Character: cooling
-Juice: red
-Root: warming
-Leaves are
-mashed for eye
-diseases
-together with
-the juice of
-djeruk nipis
-(Citrus
-aurantifolia)
-and black salt
-(cf. 2) for eye
-drops.
-. Bila
-Aegle Marmelos
-Corr.
-Character: warming
-Leaves: warming
-Root: lukewarm
-Juice: warming
-Mixed with kesuna
-djangu (Allium
-sativum + Acorus
-calamus) and
-vinegar, for
-swollen legs.
-. Klotjo,
-Klentjing
-Spondius pinnata
-Kurz.
-Character: warming
-Leaves: warming
-Root: lukewarm
-See 4.
-Juice: warming
-Bark: cooling
-. Kepuh
-Gossampinus
-heptaphylla Bakh.
-Not usable
-a. Kepah
-Sterculia foetida
-Linn.
-Leaves: warming
-Root: cooling
-Bark: lukewarm
-Against
-paralysis, mixed
-with chalk
-powder and djeruk
-nipis (see above).
-. Blatung gada
-Euphorbia
-antiquorum Linn.
-Character:
-`alkaline'
-Juice: white
-Juice with
-(local) arak, kunir
-(Curcuma longa,
-C. domestica)
-and gamongan
-(Zingiber
-americanus)
-against "Ila" (all
-kinds of skin
-afflictions).
-. Pakel
-Mangifera foetida
-Lour.
-Character: warming
-Juice: red
-Root: cooling
-Leaves: cooling
-For abortion,
-mixed and taken
-with white
-pepper and chalk
-powder (sieved).
-. Sumaga, Semangka
-Citrullus vulgaris
-Schrad.
-Character: warming
-Root: warming
-Leaves: warming
-Juice: lukewarm
-Against
-rheumatic pains;
-mixed with
-vinegar and
-three slices of
-temu tis (Curcuma
-Zedoaria).
-. Kepundung
-Baccaurea racemosa
-Muell.
-Character: lukewarm
-Root: lukewarm
-Leaves: lukewarm
-Juice: white,
-warming
-Applied on
-swollen cheek,
-mixed with masuwi
-(Massoia
-aromatica) and
-sintok (Cinnamonum
-Sintok).
-. Poh Character: warming Mixed with musi
-(see 119.) and
-Mangifera Indica
-Linn.
-Root: warming
-Leaves: warming
-Juice: red, warming
-red sulphur,
-spat onto the
-pit of the
-stomach, against
-maketug (cramps in
-the pit of the
-stomach area)
-. Tjenangga
-Tjananga odorata
-Character: cooling
-Root: lukewarm
-Leaves: red
-Medicine to be
-taken orally
-(further
-information
-missing).
-. Suren
-Toona sureni Merr.
-Character: lukewarm
-Root: warming
-Leaf tips mixed
-with 11 slices
-of temu tis (see
-above) for
-application on
-swellings.
-. Sentul
-Sandoricum Koetjape
-Merr.
-Root: warming
-Juice: white
-Root, leaves and
-bark mixed, with
-three slices of
-temu tis (see
-above), spat
-onto the
-stomach, for
-diarrhoea.
-. Sotong
-Psidium Guajava
-Linn.
-Character: warming
-Juice: white
-Flavour: `juicy'
-Leaf tips ground
-and applied to
-the navel as a
-means of
-containing
-watery
-diarrhoea, mixed
-with ketumbar (see
-above), 3 seeds
-of bebolong (see
-above) and old
-vinegar.
-. Gatep
-Inocarpus edulis
-Forst.
-Character: cooling
-Juice: red
-Root: cooling
-Leaves: warming
-Bark mixed with
-candy sugar, to
-be taken against
-dysentery.
-. Pule
-Alstonia scholaris
-Character: lukewarm
-Juice: warming
-Leaf tips with
-sugar and
-roasted coconut,
-R. Br.
-Root: cooling
-to be taken
-against
-stomatitis.
-. Tjempaga
-Michelia champaga
-Linn.
-Character: warming
-Leaves: warming
-Juice: white
-Root: lukewarm
-The juice of the
-leaves is mixed
-with dust from a
-cross-road and
-dripped into the
-eyes, against
-mental illness
-caused by a
-trauma.
-. Kliki, djarak
-pager
-Jatropha Curcas
-Linn.
-Character: warming
-Juice: white
-Leaves: cooling
-The root is
-taken against
-pyuria, also the
-leaves mixed
-with roasted
-tamarind and temu
-tis (see above).
-Leaves mixed
-with onion and
-adas (Foeniculum)
-as "uwap".
-. Naka, nangka
-Artocarpus integra
-Merr.
-Character: cooling
-Root: cooling
-Juice: white
-Against a stitch
-three leaves are
-grounded with
-red pepper and
-placed on the
-pit of the
-stomach as
-"uwap".
-. Awar-awar
-Ficus septica Burm.
-Character: warming
-Bark: warming
-Leaves: lukewarm
-Juice: white,
-warming
-Root: cooling
-Bark mixed with
-honey and tjendana
-(Santalum
-Album)- juice to
-be taken against
-rheumatic pains
-with fever.
-. Jeruju
-Dilivaria
-ilicifolia.
-Root: cooling
-Leaves: cooling
-Roots or leaves
-mixed with onion
-and "adas" (see
-above) as "uwap"
-against
-rheumatic pains.
-. Pulet Character: lukewarm Leaves are
-Urena lobata Linn. Leaves: warming
-Root: cooling
-Juice: warming
-placed onto
-swollen fingers,
-the root as
-"uwap".
-. Blingbing
-Averrhoa Bilimbi
-Linn.
-Juice: white Against
-shortness of
-breath, leaves
-are spat onto
-[the patient].
-Bark mixed with
-temu tis (see
-above), five
-ketumbar (see
-above) and lengkwas
-(Alpinia
-Gelanga) as well
-as three slices
-of kunir (see
-above) to be
-taken.
-. Delima
-Punica granatum
-Linn.
-Character: lukewarm
-Leaves: warming
-Root: cooling
-Juice: white,
-warming
-The fruits are
-mixed with an
-egg from a black
-hen, honey and
-two slices of temu
-tis, to be taken
-against stomach
-pains.
-. Tangi
-Lagerstroemia
-speciosa Pers.
-Character: warming
-Juice: lukewarm
-Leaves: cooling
-Root: warming
-Bark mixed with
-coconut oil and
-eleven dried
-sirih leaves,
-against
-restlessness.
-. Kekopoh
-Physalis angulata
-Linn.
-Bark: lukewarm
-Leaves: cooling
-Juice: white
-Root: cooling
-Leaves mixed
-with pulasai
-(Alyxia
-Stellata) and
-white onion, as
-"uwap" onto the
-stomach of
-pregnant women.
-. Buyung-buyung
-putih
-Spilanthes Acmella
-Character: warming
-Leaves: lukewarm
-Roots and leaves
-mixed with masuwi
-(see above),
-white pepper and
-Murr.
-Bark: cooling
-Juice: cooling
-black salt (see
-above), to be
-spat upon the
-pit of the
-stomach against
-cramps.
-. Tabia dakeb
-Capsicum annuum
-Linn.
-Character: warming
-Root: warming
-Bark: warming
-Leaves mixed
-with dry sirih,
-pepper, tamarind
-and two slices
-of temu tis, to be
-taken orally (no
-further
-information).
-. Kepel
-Cynometra ramiflora
-Linn.
-Character: cooling
-Root: cooling
-Juice: white
-Bark mixed with
-duck excrement
-and sugar, to
-induce
-contractions in
-childbirth.
-. Blingbing manis
-Averrhoa carambola
-Linn.
-Leaves: warming
-Root: warming
-Juice: white
-Mixed with gamongan
-(Zingiber
-Americanus) and
-garlic, to be
-spat on to the
-stomach of the
-pregnant.
-. Kesimbukan
-Paederia foetida
-Linn.
-Anotis hirsuta Miq.
-Character: warming
-Juice: white
-Mixed with clay
-obtained from
-the cell built
-by an ichneumon
-fly, which must
-be located
-inside a
-houseyard
-temple. As an
-external
-application onto
-the fontanelle
-against child
-cramps.
-. Gandola
-Basella rubra Linn.
-Character: cooling
-Root: cooling
-Juice: red
-leaves mixed
-with vinegar and
-slices of
-lengkwas (see
-above), as a
-draught against
-cholera.
-. Kepepe
-Oxystelma
-esculentum (?)
-Character: warming
-Juice: white
-Mixed with kemenyan
-(Styrux
-Bezoica), djeruk
-nipis, (see above )
-and tjendana juice
-(see above), as
-a draught
-against cholera.
-The bark with
-vinegar and
-spices as "boreh"
-against cholera.
-. Paya, paria
-Momordica Charantia
-Linn.
-Momordica tristis.
-Character: lukewarm
-Leaves: warming
-Root: cooling
-Juice: white
-leaves mixed
-with honey,
-candy sugar and
-white
-peppercorns to
-be taken against
-"limuh" (`weak
-nerves').
-.Tuwung, terong
-Solanum Melongena
-Linn.
-Character: warming
-Leaves: lukewarm
-Root: cooling
-Root mixed with
-masuwi (see
-above), sintok
-(Cinnamomum
-sintok) and
-powdered chalk
-as "boreh".
-. Uyah-uyah
-Ficus alba Reinw.
-Ficus quercifolia
-Roxb.
-Character: warming
-Root: cooling
-Juice: white
-Bark: warming
-Leaves are
-ground with
-arsenic and
-powdered chalk,
-against
-pustulous
-eczema.
-. Sumanggi
-Oxalis corniculata
-Linn.
-Character: cooling Leaves ground
-and boiled, the
-decoction is
-used for washing
-eczema caused by
-scabies.
-. Pancar sona
-Tinospora coriacea
-Beumee.
-Character: warming
-Leaves: lukewarm
-Root: lukewarm
-Juice: white
-Juice mixed with
-sulasih mihik sanstum,
-tamarind and
-three slices of
-lengkwas (see
-above) against
-nausea. Yellow
-leaves with
-black salt (see
-above), ground
-(no further
-information).
-. Juwet, jwet,
-duwet
-Eugenia cumini
-Merr.
-Character: warming
-Leaves: cooling
-Root: cooling
-Juice: white
-Bark ground,
-onto syphilis
-ulcers on the
-genitals. Juice
-also, mixed with
-arsenic and djeruk
-nipis (see above).
-. Nyuh gading
-Cocos nucifera
-Linn.
-Against all
-impurities of
-the body,
-including
-psychic ones,
-most usually
-inscribed with
-magical symbols
-or drawings.
-. Tjereme,
-tjarmen, tjremen
-Phyllantus acidus
-Skeels
-Character: warming
-Root: cooling
-Juice: white
-Bark, ground
-finely with
-coconut oil and
-heated; applied
-to cracked skin
-on the hands and
-fingers.
-. Manas, Nenas
-Ananas comosus
-Merr.
-Character: warming
-Leaves: cooling
-Fruit: cooling
-Root: cooling
-Fruit juice
-squeezed out,
-against
-gonorrhoea.
-. Sempol
-Hedychium
-coronarium Koen.
-Character: cooling
-Root: cooling
-Leaves: lukewarm
-As `uwap' mixed
-with onion and
-fennel, against
-fever.
-. Miyana cemeng
-Coleus
-atropurpureus
-Benth.
-Character: cooling
-Root: cooling
-leaves half
-cooked in
-coconut oil (no
-further
-information).
-. Angcak
-Ficus Rumphii Bl.
-Root: cooling
-Leaves: cooling
-Bark and juice
-mixed with masuwi
-(see above),
-Juice: white
-djebug-arum
-(Myristica
-fragram) and
-tjengkeh (Eugenia
-aromatica), as
-`boreh' onto the
-legs against
-fatigue.
-. Wani
-Kemang magnifera
-Mangifera caesia
-Jack.
-Root: warming
-Leaves: warming
-Bark: warming
-The juice is
-dripped into the
-ears if there is
-pussy discharge.
-Bark mixed with
-kemenyan idem (see
-above).
-. Taru bang
-Pterocarpus indica.
-Willd. (?)
-Character: like
-fire
-Root: lukewarm
-Juice: white
-Leaves are
-placed onto
-eczema, also
-juice mixed with
-cob webs from
-the kitchen, djeruk
-nipis (see above)
-and chalk
-powder.
-. Kakara manis
-Dolichos Lablab
-Linn.
-Character: cooling
-Root: cooling
-Root mixed with
-kemiri (Aleurites
-molucana) and
-roasted
-tamarind. Leaves
-are drunk with
-water (no
-further
-information).
-. Gedang
-Carica papaya Linn.
-Bark: lukewarm
-Leaves: cooling
-Sap: warming
-Root: cooling
-Root mixed with
-honey and
-sandalwood sap,
-as "uwap" against
-abortus [disease
-caused by Bang's
-bacillus?].
-. Ketimun gantung
-Cucumis sativus
-Linn.
-Character: cooling Fruit juice, to
-be taken. When
-used for the
-treatment of
-abortus [see
-.], it is
-mixed with candy
-sugar and the
-water from a
-yellow coconut
-and taken
-orally.
-. Keladi
-Colocasia esculenta
-Schott.
-Leaves: cooling
-Juice: cooling
-Root: cooling
-Mixed with onion
-and tamarind and
-rubbed onto the
-legs; against
-restlessness.
-. Legundi,
-Liligundi
-Vitex trifolia
-Linn.
-Character: warming
-Root: lukewarm
-Leaves: lukewarm
-Leaves are
-brought to boil
-in coconut oil
-once and applied
-externally;
-against heat [of
-the body?].
-. Base
-Chavica betle
-Chavica auriculata
-Character: warming
-Leaves: warming
-Root: warming
-Mixed with an
-egg from a black
-hen, honey and 7
-slices of lengkwas
-(see above),
-against weakness
-of the nervous
-system and
-dizziness. The
-young leaves are
-used as a drink.
-. Djamuh-djamuh
-[?]
-Character: cooling
-Leaves: cooling
-Root: cooling
-Leaves mixed
-with onion and
-fennel, as `uwap'
-for lying-in
-women.
-. Tebu
-Saccharum
-officinarum Linn.
-Character: lukewarm
-Root: lukewarm
-Leaves: lukewarm
-Juice: warming
-small pieces
-of bark mixed
-with pressed out
-cane juice;
-against
-haemorrhoids.
-. Terong
-Solanum Melongena
-Linn.
-Character: warming
-Root: warming
-Juice: warming
-Leaves mixed
-with pulasai (see
-above); against
-`sarab'
-(children's
-disease of the
-lower abdominal
-area).
-. Madja gau Character: lukewarm Against nausea.
-Aquillaria
-malaccensis Lamk.
-Juice: warming
-Root: cooling
-Leaves: cooling
-Leaves mixed
-with vinegar and
-black salt (see
-above).
-. Lemo
-Citrus amblyocarpa.
-Character: warming
-Root: warming
-Juice: cooling
-Grated bark
-taken against
-tingling
-sensations.
-Juice mixed with
-white pepper
-corns, to be
-taken orally.
-. Ketjubung
-Datura fastuosa
-Linn.
-Character: warming
-Juice: warming
-Bark: warming
-Roots and leaves
-finely ground,
-against illness
-caused by magic.
-Also, juice and
-bark mixed with
-water from a
-water jug from a
-cemetery.
-. Skape
-Dioscorea hispida
-Dennst.
-Character: cooling
-Flowers: cooling
-Root: cooling
-Juice: cooling
-Leaves: lukewarm
-Bark: lukewarm
-Leaves and bark
-mixed with onion
-and fennel,
-applied
-externally to
-ulcers on the
-knee.
-. Pangi
-Pangium edule
-Reinw.
-Character: warming
-Root: lukewarm
-Juice: lukewarm
-Leaves: warming
-Bark: warming
-Fruits are
-inserted into
-the nose against
-nose bleeding.
-Leaves and bark
-mixed with candy
-sugar.
-. Ikut lutung
-putih
-Acalypha hispida
-Burm.
-Character: lukewarm
-Root: cooling
-Leaves: cooling
-Finely ground
-leaves are
-placed on top of
-bubonic plague.
-Mix juice with
-onion and
-Juice: white,
-warming
-fennel.
-. Legundi kebo
-Vitex trifolia
-Linn. (?)
-Character: warming
-Root: warming
-As `boreh' against
-paralyses. 16
-leaves ground
-and mixed with
-garlic and
-vinegar.
-. Sembung
-Blumea balsamifera
-DC.
-Character: warming
-Root: lukewarm
-Leaves: lukewarm
-Against `sebaha'
-(inner heat with
-cool skin). Root
-and leaves mixed
-with pisang batu
-(wild banana),
-tamarind and
-lengkwas.
-. Kemiri
-Aleurites moluccana
-Willd.
-Character: lukewarm
-Leaves: lukewarm
-Bark: lukewarm
-Root: warming
-Juice: warming
-Fruits applied
-onto the navel
-of small
-children. Root
-and juice mixed
-with salt and
-coconut oil.
-. Api
-Tetracera scandens
-Merr.
-Character: warming
-Juice: red
-Juice is brushed
-on against `ila'
-(various types
-of skin rash).
-Edge an image of
-Durga onto a
-copper plate,
-then scratch it
-off and mix with
-black goat hair,
-vinegar, `red
-sulphur' and
-arsenic.
-. Penjisih
-[?]
-Character: as mild
-as the October wind
-Root: the same
-Leaves: the same
-Juice: like fire
-Juice mixed with
-djeruk nipis (see
-above) and `tabia
-bun'(a variety of
-capsicum),
-inserted into
-the nose.
-. Pahang, pawang Character: warming Insert juice
-Clerodendron inerme
-Gaertn.
-Juice: red
-mixed with oil
-and vinegar into
-the nose to
-restore
-consciousness.
-Roots and leaves
-as a drink.
-. Mawar
-Rosa damascena
-Root: warming
-Leaves: warming
-Flowers mixed
-with menyan madu
-(Styrax beng).
-Water from
-yellow and green
-coconuts dripped
-into the nose
-against crying
-and trauma.
-. Tjenangga
-(same as 12.)
-Character: cooling
-Bark: cooling
-Leaves: cooling
-Root: red
-Juice: red
-Bark made into a
-drink against
-stomatitis in
-children. Mixed
-with dry coconut
-and candy sugar
-and made into a
-drink.
-. Sambung tulang
-Vitis quadricornuta
-Miq.
-Character: warming
-Root: warming
-Bark: warming
-Juice against
-eczema. The rash
-is rubbed with
-leaves of alang-alang
-(Imperata
-cylindrica),
-which are then
-glued on with
-the sap.
-. Jali (djali)
-Coix Lacryma Jobi
-Linn.
-Character: lukewarm
-Root: warming
-Leaves: cooling
-Bark: cooling
-Root mixed with
-sari lungit (see
-above) and pulusai,
-inserted into
-the eyes against
-oncoming
-blindness.
-. Unggi
-[?]
-Character: cooling
-Root: cooling
-Leaves: cooling
-Juice: red, warming
-Mixed with onion
-and fennel and
-finely ground as
-`uwap' onto the
-eyelids against
-oncoming
-blindness.
-. Kroya
-Ficus glabella Bl.
-Character: like a
-spring
-Leaves and root
-mixed with masuwi
-(see above) onto
-which the image
-of Kala has been
-drawn is used
-against loss of
-consciousness
-with cramps as a
-strengthening
-agent. The
-medicine is
-chewed and spat
-three times onto
-the fontanelle,
-times onto the
-pit of the
-stomach and 3
-times onto the
-forehead.
-. Uwut-uwut
-[?]
-Character: cooling
-Leaves: cooling
-Root: red
-Juice: red
-As a bandage for
-bone fractures.
-Leaves onto the
-broken limb.
-Root and bark
-with onion,
-fennel and
-`spoken upon'
-[holy] water in
-an earthen ware
-pot, applied as
-a pressure pad.
-. Tengulun
-(tenggalun)
-Protium javanicum
-Burm.
-Character: lukewarm
-Root: lukewarm
-Leaves: lukewarm
-Constipating
-agent for
-dysentery. Root
-and leaves mixed
-with ketumbar (see
-above), bebolong
-(see above) and
-temu tis, with water
-as a drink to be
-taken.
-. Muring, puring
-Codiaeum variegatum
-Bl.
-Graptophyllum
-pictum Griff.
-Character: warming
-Root: lukewarm
-Against
-deafness. Leaf
-tips smoked with
-kemenyam (see
-above) blown
-into the ears.
-. Kayu mas
-Sarcocephalus
-undulatus Miq.
-Character: cooling
-Root: cooling
-Leaves: cooling
-Put into the
-nose against
-dysentery.
-Equally, the
-fruit juice with
-candy sugar.
-. Tehep
-[?]
-Character: warming
-Root: warming
-Leaves: warming
-Bark: lukewarm
-Juice to be
-brushed onto the
-tongue, equally
-the bark mixed
-with honey.
-. Paspasan
-Coccinia cordifolia
-Cogn.
-Leaves: cooling
-Bark: cooling
-Leaves and bark
-mixed with lengkwas
-(see above), kunir
-(see above) and
-wild banana (no
-further
-information).
-. Piling
-Abrus praecatorius
-Linn.
-Character: warming
-Leaves: lukewarm
-Bark: lukewarm
-Juice: white
-Root: white
-Root as medicine
-(?). The bark is
-soaked and mixed
-with the water
-of a young
-coconut.
-. Bunut bulu
-Ficus glabella Bl.
-Character: warming
-Root: warming
-Leaves: white
-Juice: white
-leaves mixed
-with garlic
-against
-shortness of
-breath.
-. Jepun
-Acacia farnesiana
-Willd.
-Plumiera acuminata
-Character: warming
-Leaves: warming
-Juice: warming,
-white
-Root: lukewarm
-Leaves are laid
-on for pain in
-the lumbar
-region.
-Equally,. juice
-mixed with chalk
-powder.
-. Silikaya
-Anona squamosa
-Character: warming
-Root: lukewarm
-Root with
-vinegar and
-spices applied
-Linn.
-Juice: lukewarm
-Leaves: warming
-Bark: warming
-externally
-against fatigue.
-. Tjendana
-Santalum album
-Linn.
-Character: cooling
-Root: cooling
-Leaves: cooling
-Juice: red
-Bark: cooling
-As `boreh' mixed
-with vinegar
-against [small]
-pox.
-. Kale ayan
-[?]
-Root: lukewarm
-Leaves: lukewarm
-Juice: white
-Bark: white
-Mixed with lengkwas
-(see above) and
-kunir (see above)
-against
-diarrhoea.
-. Tjrangtjang
-[?]
-Character: warming
-Root: warming
-Leaves: warming
-Juice mixed with
-djahe (Zingiber
-officinale) as a
-poultice onto
-syphilis ulcers
-on the genitals.
-. Teter
-Mallotus moluccana
-Muell.
-Juice: lukewarm
-Root: lukewarm
-Leaves: lukewarm
-Against fever.
-Against toothache
-the root,
-mixed with
-`trusi'(copper
-sulphate), is
-placed on the
-tooth.
-. = 11.
-. Bawang-bawang
-Allium sp. div.
-Root: cooling
-Juice: cooling
-Bark: cooling
-Leaves: cooling
-Mixed with onion
-and fennel as
-`uwap' against
-dysentery.
-. Putjuk Leaves: cooling Leaves mixed
-with a fresh
-Hibiscus Rosasinensis
-Linn.
-Bark: cooling
-Root: cooling
-chicken egg in a
-drink to further
-the [? Germ.:
-`Gebung'= the
-giving].
-. Kayu Pahit
-[?]
-Leaves: warming
-Root: warming
-Bark: warming
-Juice: warming
-Bark mixed with
-djangu (Acorus-
-Calamus) against
-snake bite.
-. Suri
-[?]
-Character: cooling
-Juice: lukewarm
-Bark: lukewarm
-Leaves mixed
-with red rice
-are taken for an
-upset stomach.
-. Basa-basa
-Amomum Cardamomum
-Willd.
-Root: warming
-Leaves: warming
-Bark: warming
-Mixed with sepetsepet
-(apustular
-skin of the
-coconut shell)
-and applied onto
-the navel
-against
-diarrhoea.
-. Uduh
-Glochidion
-Borneense Boerl.
-Character: warming
-Juice: warming
-Leaves and bark
-mixed with white
-pepper and put
-into the nose
-during states of
-shock
-[excitement].
-. Klampuwak
-Psidium Guajava
-Linn.
-Character: lukewarm
-(and cooling)
-Leaves and roots
-mixed with
-honey, to be
-taken as a
-drink, equally
-the juice and
-bark.
-. Gedang
-Carica papaya Linn.
-(comp. to 50.,
-where other
-information is
-given)
-Character: warming
-Root: warming
-Leaves: warming
-Juice mixed with
-chalk against
-snake bites.
-. Pancar sonar = [?] To burn and
-. overcome all
-illness caused
-by the [magical]
-influence of a
-`Pandita' or a
-Brahmin.
-. Galing-galing
-Vitis trifolia
-Linn.
-Character: cooling
-Root: cooling
-Leaves: cooling
-Leaves mixed
-with onion,
-fennel and sari-lungit
-(see above), as
-`uwap' against
-dysentery.
-. Dagdag
-Pisonia silvestris
-T and B.
-Character: warming
-Root: lukewarm
-Leaves: lukewarm
-Bark mixed with
-vinegar as `boreh'
-against cramps
-in the calves.
-. Sela kutuh
-Manihot utilissima
-Pohl.
-Root: lukewarm
-Leaves: lukewarm
-Root mixed with
-masuwi (see
-above), vinegar,
-onion, fennel
-and 11 corns of
-white pepper;
-against pain
-throughout the
-entire body.
-. Krasi,
-lempuyak (?)
-Lantana Camara
-Linn.
-Character: cooling
-Root: cooling
-Juice: lukewarm
-Juice mixed with
-water and egg
-against
-drunkenness.
-. Kenari
-Cannarium commune
-Linn.
-Cannnarium
-amboinense Hochr.
-Cannarium
-moluccanum Bl.
-Character: warming
-Root: lukewarm
-Leaves: lukewarm
-Juice: white, warm
-Bark: lukewarm
-Bark mixed with
-vinegar, honey,
-arak, water and
-juice of djeruk nipis
-(see above), as
-a draught
-against
-headache.
-. Bawang-bawang
-Brahma, Bulun baon
-(like 91. ?)
-Character: cooling
-Leaves: lukewarm
-Root: lukewarm
-Juice: warming
-Leaf tips mixed
-with pulasai (see
-above), burnt
-onion, ketumbar
-(see above) and
-corns of
-bebolong. Put into
-the nose to stop
-nose bleeding.
-. Keladi guak
-Turpina pomifera
-DC.
-Character: lukewarm
-Leaves: cooling
-Root: cooling
-Juice mixed with
-water that has
-been used to
-wash red rice,
-juice of djeruk nipis
-(see above) and
-chalk powder to
-be applied to
-scabies eczema.
-. Manggis
-Garcinia Mangostana
-Linn.
-Root: warming
-Leaves: warming
-Bark: warming
-Juice mixed with
-the excrement of
-a sugem (wild
-dove), 21 pepper
-corns, arsenic
-and 11 dry sirih
-leaves, applied
-externally to
-shingles.
-. Tjempaga
-kuning
-Michelia Champaca
-Linn.
-Character: warming
-Leaves: warming
-Root: warming
-Bark: lukewarm
-Juice: lukewarm
-Bits of grated
-bark mixed with
-slices of
-masuwi (see
-above), 15
-pepper corns,
-kunjit (see above),
-isen (Alpina
-Galanga), temu tis
-(see above),
-ketumbar (see
-above) and
-bebolong; against
-suddenly
-appearing
-illness.
-. Kaliombo
-Borassus
-blabellifer Linn.
-Character: warming
-Root: warming
-Leaves: warming
-Juice: white, cold
-(!)
-Bark: cooling
-Juice against
-tooth-ache. Bark
-mixed with deringo
-belerang (Averrhoa
-Billimbi) and
-masuwi (see
-above); finely
-ground and
-applied to the
-cheek on the
-spot where the
-tooth-ache is
-[located].
-. Djempiring
-Gardenia augusta
-Merr.
-Character: warming
-Root: warming
-Juice: lukewarm
-Bark: lukewarm
-Fragrant flowers
-mixed together
-with the dust
-from the house
-stairs (bed
-chamber) and
-sandalwood
-powder are spat
-into the face of
-a child who acts
-apathetic. Apart
-from that, a
-cross is painted
-between the
-eyebrows with
-the ash from the
-burnt hair of a
-black cow.
-. Palit sedang
-Pelet sedangan
-[?]
-Character: warming
-Juice: warming
-Root: warming
-Leaves: warming
-Bark: lukewarm
-Bark is mixed
-with coconut
-oil, isen (see
-above) and the
-leaves. All this
-is ground,
-heated, squeezed
-out and
-strained. The
-juice, once it
-has cooled down,
-is inserted into
-the eyes to
-treat eye
-infections.
-. Gadung kasturi
-Dioscorea hispida
-Dennst.
-Character: warming
-Leaves: lukewarm
-Root: lukewarm
-Juice: white
-Bark: warming
-A little juice
-mixed with the
-egg of a black
-hen, a swallows
-nest and honey
-from kela-kela (a
-small type of
-bee). 11 pieces;
-press out and
-take the syrup
-[Germ. `Saft']
-against cough.
-. Awar-awar
-Ficus septica Burm.
-Character: lukewarm
-Juice: white, warm
-Root: cooling
-Bark mixed with
-roasted isen (see
-above) and
-coconut milk,
-ground and
-squeezed out;
-the juice
-(liquid) is used
-against vomiting
-and diarrhoea.
-. Meritja
-Piper nigrum Linn.
-Character: warming
-Bark: warming
-Juice: warming
-Leaves mixed
-with tabia bun (see
-above) and masuwi
-(see above) to
-be spat on
-against
-headache.
-. Gamongan
-Zingiber americans
-Bl.
-Character: warming
-Root: warming
-Leaves: warming
-Root tuber mixed
-with coconut oil
-and ash from the
-kitchen; to be
-applied to
-hardened
-tumours.
-. Kayu manis
-Sauropus androgynus
-Merr.
-Character: cooling
-Root: cooling
-Leaves: cooling
-Leaves mixed
-with coconut
-milk and onion
-as a tonic for
-children with a
-sore throat.
-. Keliki
-Recinus communis
-Linn.
-Character: warming
-Root: warming
-Leaves: warming
-Bark: cooling
-Juice mixed with
-chalk and
-applied to pussy
-finger
-infections
-(panaritium).
-. Kedondong
-Ficus hispida Linn.
-Character: lukewarm
-Root: lukewarm
-Leaves: warming
-Juice: warming
-Fruit: warming
-Bark ground and
-mixed with
-totally red kunjit
-(see above) and
-water from
-[washing] red
-rice; applied to
-pustulous
-eczema.
-. Nenas merah
-Annanas comosus
-Merr.
-Character: lukewarm
-Leaves: cooling
-Root: cooling
-The juice
-derived from
-grating and
-squeezing out
-fruits with the
-water from a
-young coconut
-and a green
-coconut and
-spices; inserted
-into the nose
-(no further
-information).
-. Musi
-Carum carvi
-Character: warming
-Root: warming
-Leaves: warming
-Bark: lukewarm
-Leaves mixed
-with garlic to
-be spat on the
-skin against
-infectious
-eczema.
-. Ingan-ingan
-Flemingia
-strobilifera R. Br.
-[?] The stalks of
-the leaves are
-used to whip the
-legs of children
-who learn too
-late how to
-walk; to remedy
-the fatigue of
-the legs.
-. Tigaron
-Crataeva nurvala
-Ham.
-Root: warming
-Leaves: warming
-Juice: lukewarm
-Bark: warming
-Leaves mixed
-with vinegar,
-meyang (see above)
-and ketjubung
-(Datura
-fastuosa)
-fruits, inserted
-into the eyes
-against mental
-illness.
-. Pengengpengeng
-[?]
-Root: lukewarm
-Leaves: lukewarm
-Juice: warming
-Leaves mixed
-with onion and
-garlic and
-placed on the
-forehead against
-headache.
-. Tilap
-[?]
-Character: warming
-Root: warming
-Leaves: warming
-Bark: warming
-Juice: warming
-Leaves mixed
-with arak,
-vinegar, hot
-spices and white
-pepper as a
-tonic against a
-bloated stomach.
-. Teter = 89. Character: warming 11 little pieces
-Mallotus mollucana
-Muell.
-Leaves: lukewarm
-Root: lukewarm
-Bark: warming
-Juice: warming
-of bark mixed
-with musi (see
-.), tjengkeh (see
-above) and
-spices; to be
-spat on against
-a stitch.
-. Bohok
-[?]
-Leaves: warming
-Root: warming
-Bark: warming
-Juice: white, warm
-Bark mixed with
-kayu winten (djinten? =
-Carum carvi)
-against
-depression;
-water has to be
-used with this
-has to be
-obtained from
-the spring in
-the morning.
-. Pohon merak
-Caesalpinia
-pulcherrima Sw.
-Root: warming
-Leaves: warming
-Bark: lukewarm
-Flowers: warming
-(yellowish red)
-Flowers mixed
-with kemenyan (see
-above) and selasih
-mihik (see above),
-to be applied to
-the fontanelle
-of children at
-the age of 42
-days, if they
-often cry at
-night.
-. Teleng
-Clitoria Ternata
-Linn.
-Root: lukewarm
-Leaves: lukewarm
-Juice: warming
-Bark: warming
-Leaves mixed
-with masuwileaves,
-inscribed with
-the image of
-Durga. To be
-spat onto the
-face to restore
-consciousness
-and also against
-cramps.
-. Empelas
-Tetracera indica
-Merr.
-Juice: white,
-warming
-Leaves: lukewarm
-Root: lukewarm
-Juice mixed with
-pulasai and burnt
-onion, applied
-to larger
-abscesses.
-. Kasa Root: cooling Root mixed with
-a fresh egg
-Amomum Cardamomum
-Willd.
-Leaves: cooling
-Juice: lukewarm
-yolk, taken to
-facilitate
-birth.
-. Hudak
-[?]
-Character: warming
-Juice: lukewarm
-Root: lukewarm
-Bark and leaves
-mixed with 7
-corns of white
-pepper, salt,
-charcoal
-(pulverised) and
-roasted
-tamarind,
-against
-(hysterical?)
-cramp conditions
-with claws like
-a tiger.
-. Kamurugan
-Coccinia cordifolia
-Cogn.
-Root: lukewarm
-Leaves: lukewarm
-Juice: warming
-Bark: warming
-Leaves mixed
-with masuwi (see
-above), ketumbar
-and bebolong (see
-above), chewed
-and spat on the
-forehead against
-headache.
-. Kuanta
-Barleria prionitis
-Linn.
-Root: warming
-Bark: warming
-Juice: lukewarm
-Leaves: lukewarm
-Leaves mixed
-with garlic and
-temu tis (see
-above), to be
-spat on the
-chest against
-breathing
-difficulties.
-. Peron
-Anamirta cocculus W
-and A.
-Character: warming
-Fruit: warming
-Bark: warming
-Leaves: warming
-Juice: warming
-Fruits mixed
-with masuwi (see
-above) and 11
-dry sirih
-leaves, ground
-and placed on
-the head of
-infants against
-insufficient
-hardening of the
-seams of the
-cranium.
-. Beligo
-Beningcasa hispida
-Cong.
-Fruit: cooling
-Root: cooling
-Fruit mixed with
-candy sugar,
-water from a
-green coconut
-Character: lukewarm
-Leaves: lukewarm
-Juice: lukewarm
-and grated
-sandal wood; to
-be given to sick
-children who
-constantly cry
-and do not reply
-to questions.
-. Sikep
-[?]
-Root: warming
-Leaves: warming
-Bark: cooling
-leaves from
-the tip mixed
-with pulasai (see
-above) and sintok
-(see above);
-spat on against
-cramp
-conditions.
-. Djerak, djerak
-pagar
-Jatropha Curcas
-Linn.
-Root: warming
-Leaves: warming
-Juice: warming
-Leaves and root
-mixed with
-vinegar, pepper
-and temu tis (see
-above); to be
-inserted into
-the ears against
-deafness. Bark
-for `spitting
-on'.
-. Kangkang yuyu
-Ipomoea reptans
-Poir.
-Character: warming
-Leaves: warming
-Juice: warming
-Bark: warming
-Root mixed with
-coconut flowers,
-fragrant selasih
-(see above) and
-gamongan (see
-.), to be
-spat on against
-asthma
-(breathing
-difficulties).
-. Kesurung
-[?]
-Root: warming
-Leaves: warming
-Juice: lukewarm
-Bark: lukewarm
-Leaves mixed
-with the
-sediment at the
-bottom of a
-sirih container
-and hot spices,
-spat onto
-cracked skin.
-. Sesawi merah
-Brassica juncea
-Brassia nigra Koch.
-Leaves: cooling
-Root: cooling
-Stalk: warming
-Tip mixed with
-the bones of a
-bush chicken
-[?], vinegar,
-`berem' (an
-alcoholic
-beverage) and
-pepper corns; to
-be taken against
-breathing
-difficulties and
-heart
-palpitations.
-. Paku sayur
-Alsophila glauca
-Aspidium reptans J.
-Sm.
-Leaves: cooling
-Root: cooling
-Stalk: cooling
-Young leaves
-mixed with
-white, sticky
-rice and burned
-onion; against
-lack of
-appetite.
-. Pulir
-[?]
-Stalk: lukewarm
-Leaves: lukewarm
-Bark: warming
-Root: warming
-Bark mixed with
-pidjar (sprouting
-coconut) and
-semanggi-leaves
-(see 38.);
-against
-palpitations of
-the heart and
-arteries,
-inserted into
-the nose.
-. Kapas
-Gossypium arboreum
-Linn.
-Stalk: lukewarm
-Leaves: lukewarm
-Root: warming
-Juice: warming
-Tip mixed with
-temu tis (see
-above), ketumbar
-(see above),
-bebolong (see
-above) and
-coconut water as
-a pad onto the
-navel; against
-inner heat.
-. Kepasilan
-djuwuk
-Drynaria sparsisora
-Moore.
-Character: warming
-Leaves: lukewarm
-Leaves mixed
-with honey and
-lengkwas (see
-above); against
-vomiting,
-inserted into
-the nose.
-. Samlung
-[?]
-Character: lukewarm
-Leaves: lukewarm
-Root mixed with
-onion and fennel
-as `uwap' against
-epilepsy.
-. Belimbing besi Root: lukewarm Fruit mixed with
-white pepper
-Averrhoa Bilimbi
-Linn.
-Leaves: lukewarm
-Bark: cooling
-corns; against
-anxiety
-[claustrophobia?
-], inserted into
-the nose.
-. Pala
-Dipterocarpus
-trinervis Bl.
-Leaves: lukewarm
-Root: lukewarm
-Juice: white,
-cooling
-Bark: cooling
-Bark mixed with
-red rice, masuwi
-(see above) and
-roasted coconut;
-to be taken
-against colic
-(in the
-stomach).
-. Kusuh
-Ceiba tentandra
-Gaertn.
-Leaves: cooling
-Root: cooling
-Bark: lukewarm
-Juice: lukewarm
-The tip of a
-young branch is
-mashed and the
-liquid mixed
-with roasted pidjar
-(see above); to
-be taken against
-`Soor' [cf
-Oidium albicans,
-a type of fungus
-??].
-. Kaliasih
-[?]
-Leaves: cooling
-Bark: cooling
-Juice: white,
-cooling
-Root: cooling
-Tip mixed with
-the blood of a
-black hen, red
-kunjit (see above),
-the liquid from
-grated sandal
-wood and honey;
-inserted into
-the nose,
-against
-dysentery.
-. Kenarak
-[?]
-Root: lukewarm
-Leaves: lukewarm
-Bark: cooling
-Bits scraped
-from the stalk,
-mixed with 11
-bebolong (see
-above), 9 dry
-yellow sirih
-leaves and 7
-tjengkeh-fruits (see
-above); to be
-spat onto the
-pit of the
-stomach, against
-an upset stomach
-and nausea.
-. Kenar
-Canarium commune
-Linn.
-Juice: cooling
-Leaves: cooling
-Root: cooling
-Bark mixed with
-musi (see 119.),
-honey, coconut
-milk and temu poh
-(Curcuma
-mangga);
-inserted into
-the nose against
-congestion.
-. Poh ampelen,
-Mangga manis
-Mangifera indica
-Linn.
-Juice: lukewarm
-Bark: lukewarm
-Root: lukewarm
-Leaves: lukewarm
-Bark mixed with
-kentjur (Kaempferia
-rotunda), masuwi
-(see above) and
-hot spices; to
-be spat on,
-against
-congestion.
-. Bambu ampel
-gading
-[?]
-Root: lukewarm
-Leaves: lukewarm
-Bits scraped off
-the trunk mixed
-with red sulphur
-and masuwi (see
-above); to be
-spat upon
-oedemata with a
-sting [?],
-beforehand the
-skin is rubbed
-with snake fat.
-. Tinga-tinga
-Strobilanthes sp.
-Leaves: lukewarm
-Root: lukewarm
-Stalk: warming
-Root mixed with
-coconut milk, isen
-(see above) and
-kunjit (see above);
-against
-insatiable
-thirst, put into
-the nose.
-. Kesahi
-Brassica rugosa
-Prain.
-Character: cooling
-Root: cooling
-Leaves: cooling
-Juice: white,
-lukewarm
-Bark: warming
-The tip mixed
-with flowers of
-semangka (Citrullus
-vulgaris), honey
-and candy sugar;
-to be taken
-against puss in
-the faeces.
-. Tijih Root: lukewarm Root tuber mixed
-with djasun (Allium
-Amorphophallus
-campanulatus Bl.
-Leaves: lukewarm
-Juice: white
-Bark: cooling
-sp. div.) and
-deringo (see
-above), ground
-to a fine paste
-and cooked well
-together. Then,
-still hot,
-applied to
-callouses under
-the soles of the
-feet.
-. Paspasan (=
-.)
-Cocinia cordifolia
-Cogn.
-Leaves: lukewarm
-Root: lukewarm
-Root mixed with
-honey, juice of
-delima (Punica
-granatum)-
-fruits and fresh
-chicken egg;
-against pussy
-faeces, inserted
-into the nose.
-. Awar-awar
-Brahma
-Ficus septica Burm.
-(with red fruit)
-Leaves: warming
-Root: warming
-Juice: white,
-warming
-Bark: [warming?]
-Leaf tip mixed
-with masuwi (see
-above), red
-sulphur and
-arsenic; all
-ground well
-together and
-applied to snake
-bites.
-. Pasipadi
-[?]
-Root: lukewarm
-Bark: lukewarm
-Leaves: cooling
-Leaves mixed
-with masuwi (see
-above) and temu tis
-(see above), to
-be spat on,
-against swollen
-face with
-bloodshot eyes
-and [excessive?]
-appetite.
-. Paku lelipi,
-pakis besar
-[?]
-Root: lukewarm
-Leaves: lukewarm
-Tip mixed and
-ground with
-chalk, salt and
-masuwi (see
-above); applied
-to scorpion
-stings.
-. Serikaya Jawa
-Anona muricata
-Root: lukewarm
-Leaves: lukewarm
-Young leaves
-mixed with
-djebugarum (see
-Linn. above), spices
-and temu tis (see
-above), spat
-upon the stomach
-against
-bloatedness and
-constipation.
-. Raso
-Pandanus helicopus
-Kurz.
-Root: lukewarm
-Leaves: lukewarm
-tips (shoots)
-are used to whip
-the body of a
-child who
-constantly cries
-and will not
-respond to
-comforting
-words.
-. Tapis-tapis
-Gomphrena tapis (?)
-Leaves: lukewarm
-Root: lukewarm
-Leaves mixed
-with vinegar,
-ground fragrant
-[?], isen (see
-above), kunjit (see
-above) and red
-rice; finely
-ground and
-applied onto
-swollen thighs.
-. Tandjung
-Mimusops Elengi
-Linn.
-Leaves: lukewarm
-Root: lukewarm
-Bark: warming
-Juice: white
-Character: cooling
-Bark mixed with
-white pepper
-corns, masuwi (see
-above), djebungarum
-(see above),
-ketumbar (see
-above) and bebolong
-(see above); to
-be spat onto the
-stomach against
-bloatedness
-[colic?].
-. Kembang kuning
-Cassia surrattensis
-Burm.
-Leaves: warming
-Root: warming
-Bark: lukewarm
-Juice: white,
-warming
-tips mixed
-with arak,
-vinegar, honey,
-ketumbar (see
-above) and bebolong
-(see above);
-against
-breathing
-difficulty,
-inserted into
-the nose.
-. Ketimun wuku
-Cucumis sativus
-Linn.
-Root: cooling
-Leaves: cooling
-Leaves mixed
-with red kunjit
-(see above),
-gamongan (see 114.)
-and grated
-sandal wood; to
-be spat upon the
-abdomen of
-pregnant women
-if they
-experience
-intense pain
-during the third
-month of
-pregnancy.
-. Tebu malem
-Saccharum
-spontaneum Linn.
-Root: cooling
-Leaves: cooling
-Water (sap):
-lukewarm
-The water in the
-stalk is
-obtained through
-grinding and is
-mixed with the
-egg of a black
-hen, candy
-sugar, aren
-[palm] sugar and
-isen (see above);
-against a
-bloated stomach,
-inserted into
-the nose.
-. Kesegseg
-Portulaca oleracea
-Linn.
-Root: cooling
-Leaves: cooling
-leaf tips
-mixed with honey
-from kela-kela (see
-above) and arak;
-against a colic
-of the stomach,
-inserted into
-the nose.
-Taru Premana Translation, continued from page 266
-[...] = comments, not part of the original text.
-. Bark, ground finely with coconut oil and heated; for application onto cracked skin on
-hands and fingers.
-. Fruit juice squeezed; against gonorrhoea.
-. As `uwap' mixed with onion and fennel, against fever.
-. 16 leaves cooked half way in coconut oil (no further information).
-. Bark and juice mixed with Mesuwi (see above), djebug-arum (Myristica fragram-
-Muscat) and Tjengkeh (Eugenia aromatica) as `boreh' onto the legs against fatigue.
-. The juice is inserted into the ears in case of pussy excretions; bark mixed with
-Kemenyan idem (see above).
-. Leaves are placed on top of excema, also juice mixed with spider webs from the
-kitchen, djeruk nipis (see above) and chalk powder.
-. Root mixed with Kemiri (Aleurites molucana) and roasted tamarind; Leaves are
-drunk with water (no further information).
-. [missing]
-. Fruit juice, to be taken. When used for the treatment of Abortus (?), it is mixed with
-candy sugar and the water from a yellow coconut and taken.
-. Mixed with onion and tamarind and rubbed onto the legs; against restlessness.
-. Leaves are brought to boil in coconut oil once and applied externally; against heat [of
-the body? climate?].
-. Mixed with an egg from a black hen, honey and 7 slices of lengkwas (see above);
-agains weakness of the nervous system and dizziness. The young leaves are used as a
-drink.
-. Leaves mixed with onion and fennel as `uwap' for lying-in women.
-. 11 small pieces of bark mixed with pressed out cane juice; against haemorroids.
-. Leaves mixed with pulasai (see above); against `sarab' (children's diseases in the
-lower abdomen region.
-. Against nausea. Leaves mixed with vinegar and black salt (see above).
-. Grated bark taken against tingeling sensations [lit.
-`ants running']. Juice mixed with 11 corns of white pepper to be taken.
-. Roots and leaves finely ground, against illness caused by magic.
-. Leaves and bark mixed with onion and fennel to be applied to ulcers on the knee.
-. Fruits are inserted into the nose against a bleeding nose. Leaves and bark mixed with
-candy sugar.
-. Finely ground leaves are placed on top of bubonic
-plague. Juice mixed with onion and fennel.
-. As `boreh' against paralyses. 16 leaves ground and mixed with garlic and vinegar.
-. Against `Sebaha' (inner heat with cool skin). Root and leaves mixed with pisang batu
-(wild banana), tamarind and lengkwas.
-.Fruits apllied to the navel against ... [missing].
-. Juice is brushed on againts `ila' (varios types of skin rash). Edge an image of Durga
-onto a copper plate, then scratch off and mix with black goat hair, vinegar, `red sulphur'
-and arsenic.
-. Juice mixed with djeruk nipis (see above) and `tabia bun'(a variety of capsicum),
-inserted into the nose.
-. Insert juice mixed with oil and vinegar into the nose against loss of consciousness.
-Roots and leaves as a drink.
-. Flowers mixed with Menyan madu (Styrax beng). Water from yellow and green
-coconuts inserted into the nose against crying and over excitement (trauma).
-. Bark made into a drink against stomatitis in children. Mixed with dry coconut and
-candy sugar and made into a drink.
-. Juice against excema. The rash is rubbed with leaves of Alang-alang (Imperata
-cylindrica), then glued on with the juice (sap).
-. Root mixed with sari lungit (see above) and Pulusai, inserted into the eyes against
-blindness.
-. Mixed with onion and fennel and finely ground as `uwap' onto the eyelids against
-blindness.
-. Leaves and root mixed with Masuwi (se above) onto which the image of Kala has
-been drawn is used against loss of consciousness with cramps as a strengthening tonic.
-The medium is chewed and spat three times on fontanelle, 5 times on the pit of the
-stomach and 3 times on the forehead.
-. As a bandage with bone fractures. Leaves onto the broken limb, root and bark with
-onion, fennel and holy (`spoken upon') water in an earthen ware pot, applied as a pad.
-. Astringent with dysentery. Root and leaves mixed with Ketumbar (see above),
-babolong (see above) and temu tis with water as a drink to be taken.
-. Against deafness. + Leaf tips smoked with Kemenyam (see above) blown into the
-ears.
-. Put into the nose against dysentery. Equally fruit juice with candy sugar.
-. Juice to be brushed onto the tongue, equally bark mixed with honey.
-. ... [missing] Kunir (see above and wild banana (no further information).
-. Root as medicine (?). Barks is soaked and mixed with the water of a young coconut.
-. 11 leaves mixed with garlic against shortness of breath.
-. Leaves used on pains in the lumbar region [or hips?]. Equally juice mixed with chalk
-powder.
-. Root with vinegar and spices applied externally against fatigue.
-. As `boreh' mixed with vinegar against [small] pox.
-. Mixed with lengkwas (see above) and Kunir (see above) against diarrhoea.
-. Juice mixed with Djahe (Zingiber officinalis) as a pad on syphillis ulcers on the
-genitals.
-. Against fever. Against tooth-ache the root, mixed with `trusi'(copper sulphate), is
-placed on the tooth.
-. = 11
-. Mixed with onion and fennel as `uwap' against dysentery.
-. Leaves mixed with a fresh chicken egg in a drink to further the Gebung [vomiting?].
-. Bark mixed with djangu Acorus-Calamus against snake bite.
-. Leaves mixed with red rice is taken for an upset stomach.
-. Mixed with sepet-sepet (apustular skin of the coconut) and applied on the navel
-against diarrhoea.
-. Leaves and bark mixed with white pepper and put into the nose during states of shock
-[excitement].
-. ... [missing] to be taken as a drink, equally juice and bark.
-. Juice mixed with chalk against snake bites.
-. To burn and overcome all illnesses caused by the [magical] influence of a `Pandita' or
-a Brahmin.
-. Leaves mixed with onion, fennel and Sari-lungit (see above).
-. Bark mixed with vinegar as `boreh' against cramps in the calves.
-. Root mixed with Maswsi (see above), vinegar onion fennel and 11 corns of white
-pepper; against pain throughout the entire body.
-. Juice mixed with water and egg against drunkenness.
-. Bark mixed with vinigar, honey, arak, water and juice of djeruk nipis (see above) as
-a drink [draught] against headache.
-. Leaf tips mixed with Pulasai (see above), burnt onoion, Ketumbar (see above),
-babolong 11 corns. Put into the nose to stop nose bleeding.
-. Juice mixed with the water yused to wash red rice, juice of djeruk nipis (see above)
-and chalk powder to be applied to scabis excema.
-. Juice mixed with the excrement of a Sugem- bird (wild dove), 21 pepper corns,
-arsenic and 11 dry sirih leaves applied to Gurtelrose [a disease in which a red circle
-forms on the skin around the lower back, like a `belt of roses' (lit.), don't know the
-English term].
-. Bits of grated bark mixed with 11 slices of Masuwi (sse above0, 15 pepper corns,
-Kunjit (see above), Isen (Alpina Galanga), Temu tis (see above), Ketumbar (see above)
-and Babolong; against suddenly appearing illness.
-. Juice against tooth-ache. Bark mixed with Deringo Blerang (Averrhoa Billimbi) and
-Masuwi (see above); finely ground and applied to the cheek on the spot where the toothache
-is [located].
-. Fragrant flowers mixed together with the dust from the house stairs (bed chamber)
-and sandalwood powder are spat into the face of a child who acts apathetic. Apart from
-that, a cross is painted between te eyebrows with the ash from the burnt hair of a black
-cow.
-. Bark is mixed with coconut oil, Isen (see above) and the leaves. All this is then
-heated, squeezed out and strained. The juice, once it has cooled down, is inserted into the
-eyes to treat eye infections.
-. A little juice mixed with the egg from a black... [missing] ..11 pieces; press out and
-take the juice (syrup?) against cough.
-. Bark mixed with roasted Isen (see above) and coconut milk, squeezed out; the juice
-(liquid) is used against vomiting and diarrhoea [simultaneous].
-. Leaves mixed with Tabia bun (see above) and Masuwi (see above) to be spat on
-against headache.
-. Root-bulb mixed with coconut oil and ash from the
-kitchen; to be applied to hardened tumours.
-. Leaves mixed with coconut milk and onion as a tonic for children with a hoarse
-voice (sore throat).
-. Juice mixed with chalk and applied to pussy finger infections (Panaritium).
-. Bark ground and mixed with totally red Kunjit (see above) and water from
-[washing?] red rice; applied to pustulous excema.
-. The juice derived from grating and squeezing out fruits with the water from a young
-coconut and a green coconut and spices; inserted into the nose (no further information [ie
-in relation to the use of this potion]).
-. Leaves mixed with garlic to be spat on the skin against infectuous excema.
-. The stems from the leaves are used to strike the legs of children who learn how to
-walk too late; to remedy the fatigue of the legs.
-. Leaves mixed with vinegar, Meyang (see above) and Ketjubung (Datura fastuosa)
-fruits, inserted into the eyes against mental illness.
-. Leaves mixed with onion and garli. and placedon the forehead against headache.
-. Leaves mixed with arak, vinegar, hot spices and white pepper as a tonic against a
-bloated stomach.
-. 11 little pieces of bark mixed with Musi (see #120), Tjengkeh (see above) and
-spices; to be spat on against a stitch.
-. Bark mixed with Kayu winten (djinten? = Carum carvi) against depression; water
-has to be used with this which has been obtained from a spring in the morning.
-. Flowers mixed with Kemenyan (see above) and Selasih Mihik (see above) to be
-applied to the fontanelle of children at the age of 42 days, if they often cry (scream) at
-night.
-. Leaves mixed with Masuwi-leaves, painted with the image of Durga. To be spat
-onto the face against unconsciousness and ... [missing].
-. Root mixed with a fresh egg yolk, taken to facilitate birth.
-. Bark and leaves mixed with 7 corns of white pepper, salt, charcoal (pulverised) and
-roasted tamarind against (hysterical?) cramp conditions with claws like a tiger.
-. Leaves mixed with Mesuwi (see above), Ketumbar Bebolong (see above), chewed
-and spat on the forehead against headache.
-. Leaves mixed with garlic and Temu tis (see above)to be spat on the chest against
-breathing difficulties.
-. Fruits mixed with Mesuwi (see above) and 11 dry sirih leaves, ground and placed on
-the head of infants against insufficient hardening of the seams of the cranium.
-. Fruits mixed with candy sugar, water from a green coconut and grated sandal wood;
-to be given to sick children who constantly cry and don't reply to questions.
-. 21 laves from the tip mixed with Pulasai (see above) and Sintok (see above); spat on
-against cramp conditions.
-. Leaves and root mixed with vinegar, pepper and Temu tis (see above); to be inserted
-into the ears against deafness. Bark for `spitting on'.
-. Root mixed with coconut flower, fragrant selasih (see above) and Gamongan (#114)
-to be spat on against asthma (breathing difficulties).
-. Leaves mixed with the sediment at the bottom of a sirih box and hot spices, spat
-onto cracked skin.
-. Tip mixed with bones of a bush chicken [?], vinegar, `Berem' (an alcoholical
-beverage) and pepper corns; to be taken against breathing difficulties and heart
-palpitations.
-. Young leaves mixed with white, sticky rice and burned onion; against lack of
-appetite.
-. Bark mixed with Pidjar (sprouting coconut), Semanggi (#38)-leaves; against
-palpitations of the heart and arteries, inserted into the nose.
-. Tip mixed with Temu tis (see above), Ketumbar (see above), Benolong (see above)
-and coconut water as a pad onto the navel; against inner heat.
-. Leaves mixed with honey and Lengkwas (see above); against vomiting, inserted into
-the nose.
-. Root mixed with onion and fennel as... [one line missing].
-. [one line missing] ... pepper; against breathlessness [claustrophobia?], inserted into
-the nose.
-. Bark mixed with red rice, Mesuwi (see above) and roasted coconut; to be taken
-against colic (of the stomach).
-. The tip of a young branch is mashed and the liquid mixed with roasted Pidjar (see
-above); to be taken against Soor [? is this Balinese?].
-. Tip mixed with the blood of a black hen, red Kunjit (see above), the liquid from
-grated sandal wood and honey; inserted into the nose, against dysentery.
-. Bits scraped from the stem mixed with 11 Bebolong (see above), 9 dry, yellow sirih
-leaves and 7 Tjengkeh- fruits (see above); to be sat onto the pit of the stomach, against an
-upset stomach and nausea.
-. Bark mixed with Musi (#119), honey, coconut milk and Temu poh (Curcuma
-mangga); inserted into the nose against congestion.
-. Bark mixed with Kentjur (Kaempferia rotunda), Masuwi (see above) and hot spices;
-to be spat on, against congestion.
-. Bits scraped off the trunk mixed with red sulphur and Masuwi (see above); to be
-spat upon Odeme [?] with a sting, before that the skin is rubbed with snake fat.
-. Root mixed with coconut milk Isen (see above) and Kunjit (see above); against
-insatiable thirst, put into the nose.
-. The tip mixed with flowers of Semangka (Citrullus vulgaris), honey and candy
-sugar; to be taken against puss in the faeces.
-. Root bulb mixed with Djasun (Allium sp. div.) and Deringo (see above), ground to a
-fine paste and cooked well together. Then, still hot, applied to callouses under the soles of
-the feet.
-. Root mixed with honey, juice of Delima (Punica granatum)- fruits and fresh chicken
-egg; against pussy faeces; inserted into the nose.
-. Leaf tip mixed with Masuwi (see above), red sulphur and arsenic; all ground well
-together and applied to snake bites.
-. Leaves mixed with Mesuwi (see above) and Temu tis (see above), to be spat on,
-against swollen face with reddened face and [excessive?] appetite.
-. Tip mixed with chalk, salt and Masuwi (see above); ground together and applied to
-scorpion stings.
-. Young leaves with Djebugarum (see above), spices and Temu tis (see above), mixed
-and spat upon the stomach against bloatedness and constipation.
-. 3 tips (shoots) are used to strike the body of a child who constantly cries and will not
-respond to comforting words.
-. [one line misssing] ... red rice; finely ground and applied on swollen thighs.
-. Bark mixed with 21 white pepper corns, Masuwi (see above), Djebungarum (see
-above), Ketumbar (see above) and Bebolong (see above); to be spat onto the stomach
-against bloatedness.
-. 11 tips mixed with arak, vinegar, honey, Ketumbar (see above) and Bebolong (see
-above); against breathing difficulty, put into the nose.
-. Leaves mixed with red Kunjit (see above), Gamongan (#114) and grated sandal
-wood; to be spat upon the abdomen of pregnant women if they experience intense pain
-during the third month of pregnancy.
-. The water in the stem is obtained through grinding and is mixed with the egg of a
-black hen, candy sugar, aren[palm] sugar and Isen (see above); against a bloated stomach,
-put into the nose.
-. 60 leaf tips mixed with honey from Kela-kela (see above) and arak; against a colic
-of the stomach, put into the nose.

Difference between revisions of "Taru - Background"

Revision as of 15:25, 18 September 2018